NDLI: Protoporphyrin fluorescence induced by methyl-ALA in skin healing.

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Year: 2013 Volume: 10 Issue: 3

Year: 2013 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Year: 2013 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Protoporphyrin fluorescence induced by methyl-ALA in skin healing.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Gondim, Roberta M. F. Vieira, Vinicius C. C. Veras, Mariana M. Ferreira, Marcelo A. Caldini, Élia Tamaso Espin Garcia Muñoz, Daniel Romero Baptista, Maurício S.
Description	Country affiliation: Brazil Author Affiliation: Gondim RM ( Departamento de Medicina Legal, Ética Médica, Medicina Social e do Trabalho da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.)
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Estimation of the time period that precedes an injury is critical in forensic medicine. However, there is no reliable method that can be used to evaluate the oldness of a lesion. The aim of this work is to develop a fluorimetric method that can be used to follow the aging process of lesions by applying methyl-ALA (MAL) on wounds and by quantifying protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) fluorescence during the healing process. We also aim to understand the changes in PPIX fluorescence by establishing a correlation with histological evaluations during the healing process. METHODS: Standardized linear wounds were made on the dorsum of 72 mice, which were divided in control (MAL -) and experimental (MAL +) groups. In vivo fluorescence spectra (FS) were collected from normal and wound skin sites of control and experimental groups, corresponding to four groups of FS spectra: (a) FS of skin wound after MAL (+/+); (b) FS of normal skin after MAL (-/+); (c) FS of skin wound without MAL (+/-) and (d) FS of normal skin without MAL (-/-). Animals were monitored periodically for 3 months and euthanized. Tissue specimens were processed for histological analysis using design-based stereological methods. Serial cross-sections were analyzed to evaluate the organization of the dermis and epidermis, collagen deposition and cellular proliferation. RESULTS: FS of skin wound with MAL (+/+) showed an expressive intensity increase from the beginning of the experiment to the 34th day, with maximum fluorescence being observed on the ≈ 11 th day after wounding. There was preferential PPIX accumulation in healing sites as compared to adjacent normal skin (+/-) in the early stage of healing. Histological findings allowed correlation of the fluorescence increase mainly with cell proliferation. The drastic decrease in the FS intensity observed in the end of the healing process was correlated with the decrease in the proliferation rate as well as with the presence of new extracellular fibrous materials. CONCLUSIONS: In the mice wound-healing model tested here, it was possible to distinguish whether the injury was in early or advanced stages by using PPIX fluorescence induced by MAL. We conclude that this method is a promising approach to evaluate the age of skin wounding and we hope this work will stimulate human studies to allow this technique to become standardized in forensic medicine.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15721000
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	10
e-ISSN	18731597
Journal	Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2013-12-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Diagnostic Imaging Discipline Therapeutics Aging Metabolism Levulinic Acids Protoporphyrins Analysis Skin Chemistry Spectrometry, Fluorescence Methods Wound Healing Physiology Wounds, Penetrating Pathology Animals Biological Markers Mice Mice, Nude Photosensitizing Agents Reproducibility Of Results Sensitivity And Specificity Injuries Journal Article
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biophysics Dermatology Pharmacology (medical) Oncology

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