NDLI: The epidemiology of observed temperament: Factor structure and demographic group differences.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Willoughby, Michael T. Stifter, Cynthia A. Gottfredson, Nisha C.
Spatial Coverage	North Carolina Pennsylvania
Description	Author Affiliation: Willoughby MT ( Education & Workforce Development, RTI International, United States. Electronic address: mwilloughby@rti.org.); Stifter CA ( Human Development & Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, United States.); Gottfredson NC ( Center for Developmental Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States.)
Abstract	This study investigated the factor structure of observational indicators of children's temperament that were collected across the first three years of life in the Family Life Project (N=1205) sample. A four-factor model (activity level, fear, anger, regulation), which corresponded broadly to Rothbart's distinction between reactivity and regulation, provided an acceptable fit the observed data. Tests of measurement invariance demonstrated that a majority of the observational indicators exhibited comparable measurement properties for male vs. female, black vs. white, and poor vs. not-poor children, which improved the generalizability of these results. Unadjusted demographic group comparisons revealed small to moderate sized differences (Cohen ds=(.23-.42)() in temperamental reactivity and moderate to large sized differences (Cohen ds=-.64--.97) in regulation. Collectively, demographic variables explained more of the variation in regulation (R(2)=.25) than in reactivity (R(2)=.02-.06). Follow-up analyses demonstrated that race differences were substantially diminished in magnitude and better accounted for by poverty. These results help to validate the distinction between temperamental reactivity and regulation using observational indicators.)
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	01636383
e-ISSN	19348800
DOI	10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.02.001
Journal	Infant Behavior and Development
Volume Number	39
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2015-05-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Behavioral Sciences Discipline Pediatrics Demography Temperament Physiology African Continental Ancestry Group Attention Child Development Child, Preschool Emotions European Continental Ancestry Group Psychology Infant Motor Activity North Carolina Epidemiology Pennsylvania Poverty Sex Characteristics Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Developmental and Educational Psychology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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