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Examining risk and resilience factors for depression: The role of self-criticism and self-compassion.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Ehret, Anna M. Joormann, Jutta Berking, Matthias
Description	Country affiliation: Germany Author Affiliation: Ehret AM ( a Institute of Psychology , University of Marburg , Marburg , Germany.); Joormann J ( b Department of Psychology , Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA.); Berking M ( c Institute of Psychology , University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany.)
Abstract	Whereas self-criticism has been proposed as an important risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), self-compassion has been suggested as a resilience factor that protects against the development and maintenance of depressive episodes. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that frequent self-criticism and low habitual self-compassion are related to concurrent depression and to vulnerability to depression by comparing groups of currently, remitted and never depressed individuals. As expected, both currently and remitted depressed individuals reported higher levels of self-criticism and lower self-compassion than never depressed controls. Individual differences in self-criticism and self-compassion were related to depression status above and beyond additional potential correlates of MDD (i.e., perfectionistic beliefs and cognitions, rumination and overall adaptive emotion regulation). The findings provide support for the idea that increased self-criticism and decreased self-compassion place certain individuals at increased risk for experiencing depression repeatedly or chronically over the course of their lives.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	02699931
e-ISSN	14640600
Journal	Cognition and Emotion
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	29
Language	English
Publisher	Taylor & Francis
Publisher Date	2015-01-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Psychology Depressive Disorder, Major Psychology Empathy Resilience, Psychological Self-assessment Case-control Studies Remission Induction Risk Factors Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Arts and Humanities Developmental and Educational Psychology

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