NDLI: Myosin phosphorylation triggers actin polymerization in vascular smooth muscle.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Chen, Xuesong Pavlish, Kristin Benoit, Joseph N.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Chen X ( Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Therapeutics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA.)
Abstract	A variety of contractile stimuli increases actin polymerization, which is essential for smooth muscle contraction. However, the mechanism(s) of actin polymerization associated with smooth muscle contraction is not fully understood. We tested the hypothesis that phosphorylated myosin triggers actin polymerization. The present study was conducted in isolated intact or beta-escin-permeabilized rat small mesenteric arteries. Reductions in the 20-kDa myosin regulatory light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation were achieved by inhibiting MLC kinase with ML-7. Increases in MLC20 phosphorylation were achieved by inhibiting myosin light chain phosphatase with microcystin. Isometric force, the degree of actin polymerization as indicated by the F-actin-to-G-actin ratio, and MLC20 phosphorylation were determined. Reductions in MLC20 phosphorylation were associated with a decreased force development and actin polymerization. Increased MLC20 phosphorylation was associated with an increased force generation and actin polymerization. We also found that a heptapeptide that mimics the actin-binding motif of myosin II enhanced microcystin-induced force generation and actin polymerization without affecting MLC20 phosphorylation in beta-escin-permeabilized vessels. Collectively, our data demonstrate that MLC20 phosphorylation is capable of triggering actin polymerization. We further suggest that the binding of myosin to actin triggers actin polymerization and enhances the force development in arterial smooth muscle.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	03636135
e-ISSN	15221539
DOI	10.1152/ajpheart.91437.2007
Journal	AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	295
Language	English
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Publisher Date	2008-11-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Physiology Discipline Cardiology Actins Metabolism Muscle, Smooth, Vascular Myosin Light Chains Vasoconstriction Animals Azepines Pharmacology Binding Sites Mesenteric Arteries Microcystins Drug Effects Enzymology Myosin-light-chain Kinase Antagonists & Inhibitors Myosin-light-chain Phosphatase Naphthalenes Phenylephrine Phosphorylation Protein Kinase Inhibitors Rats, Sprague-dawley Time Factors Vasoconstrictor Agents Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Physiology (medical) Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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