NDLI: Dissection of two Cx37-independent conducted vasodilator mechanisms by deletion of Cx40: electrotonic versus regenerative conduction

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Figueroa, Xavier F. Duling, Brian R.
Description	Country affiliation: Chile Author Affiliation: Figueroa XF ( Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. xfigueroa@bio.puc.cl)
Abstract	Conduction of changes in diameter plays an important role in the coordination of peripheral vascular resistance and, thereby, in the control of arterial blood pressure. It is thought that conduction of vasomotor signals relies on the electrotonic spread of changes in membrane potential from a site of stimulation through gap junctions connecting the cells of the vessel wall. To explore this idea, we stimulated a short segment of mouse cremasteric arterioles with an application, via micropipette, of ACh, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, or pinacidil, an ATP-sensitive $K^{+}$ channel opener. Vasodilations were evaluated at the stimulation site (local) and at 500, 1,000, and 2,000 μm upstream. The vasodilator response evoked by direct arteriolar hyperpolarization induced by pinacidil decayed rapidly with distance, as expected for the passive spread of an electrical signal. Deletion of the gap junction proteins connexin37 or connexin40 did not alter the conduction of pinacidil-induced vasodilation. In contrast to pinacidil, the vasodilator response activated by ACh spread along the entire vessel without decrement. Although the ACh-induced conducted vasodilation was similar in wild-type and connexin37 knockout mice, deletion of connexin40 converted the nondecremental conducted response activated by ACh into one similar to that of pinacidil, with a decline in magnitude along the vessel length. These results suggest that ACh activates a mechanism of regenerative conduction of vasodilator responses. Connexin40 is essential for the ACh-activated regenerative vasodilator mechanism. However, neither connexin40 nor connexin37 is indispensable for the electrotonic spread of hyperpolarizing signals.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	03636135
e-ISSN	15221539
DOI	10.1152/ajpheart.00063.2008
Journal	AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	295
Language	English
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Publisher Date	2008-11-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Physiology Discipline Cardiology Connexins Metabolism Muscle, Smooth Blood Supply Signal Transduction Vasodilation Acetylcholine Pharmacology Animals Arterioles Blood Pressure Deficiency Genetics Gap Junctions Immunohistochemistry Katp Channels Membrane Potentials Mice Mice, Inbred C57bl Mice, Knockout Pinacidil Drug Effects Time Factors Vasodilator Agents Comparative Study Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Physiology (medical) Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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