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Responses of human cells to ZnO nanoparticles: a gene transcription $study^{†}$

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Moos, Philip J. Olszewski, Kyle Honeggar, Matthew Cassidy, Pamela Leachman, Sancy Woessner, David Cutler, N. Shane Veranth, John M.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Moos PJ ( Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA. philip.moos@utah.edu)
Abstract	The gene transcript profile responses to metal oxide nanoparticles was studied using human cell lines derived from the colon and skin tumors. Much of the research on nanoparticle toxicology has focused on models of inhalation and intact skin exposure, and effects of ingestion exposure and application to diseased skin are relatively unknown. Powders of nominally nanosized $SiO_{2},$ $TiO_{2},$ ZnO and $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ were chosen because these substances are widely used in consumer products. The four oxides were evaluated using colon-derived cell lines, RKO and CaCo-2, and ZnO and $TiO_{2}$ were evaluated further using skin-derived cell lines HaCaT and SK Mel-28. ZnO induced the most notable gene transcription changes, even though this material was applied at the lowest concentration. Nano-sized and conventional ZnO induced similar responses suggesting common mechanisms of action. The results showed neither a non-specific response pattern common to all substances nor synergy of the particles with TNF-α cotreatment. The response to ZnO was not consistent with a pronounced proinflammatory signature, but involved changes in metal metabolism, chaperonin proteins, and protein folding genes. This response was observed in all cell lines when ZnO was in contact with the human cells. When the cells were exposed to soluble Zn, the genes involved in metal metabolism were induced but the genes involved in protein refoldling were unaffected. This provides some of the first data on the effects of commercial metal oxide nanoparticles on human colon-derived and skin-derived cells.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	17565901
e-ISSN	1756591X
DOI	10.1039/c1mt00061f
Journal	Metallomics
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Publisher Date	2011-11-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Biochemistry Cell Line Drug Effects Physiology Metal Nanoparticles Chemistry Transcription, Genetic Zinc Oxide Pharmacology Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling Ultrastructure Microarray Analysis Particle Size Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Metabolism Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Medicine Metals and Alloys Biochemistry Biomaterials Biophysics

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