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Behavioral characterization of A/J and C57BL/6J mice using a multidimensional test: association between blood plasma and brain magnesium-ion concentration with anxiety.

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Behavioral characterization of A/J and C57BL/6J mice using a multidimensional test: association between blood plasma and brain magnesium-ion concentration with anxiety.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Laarakker, Marijke C. Van Lith, Hein A. Ohl, Frauke
Description	Country affiliation: Netherlands Author Affiliation: Laarakker MC ( Division of Animal Welfare & Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Animals in Science and Society, Program Emotion and Cognition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.c.laarakker@umcutrecht.nl)
Abstract	Up to 29% of all adults will experience an anxiety-related disorder during their lives. Treatment of these disorders is still difficult and the exact mechanisms and pathways behind anxiety disorders remain to be elucidated. Although evidence exists for genetically based susceptibility of human psychiatric diseases, risk genes have rarely been identified up to now. Inbred mouse strains are, together with the crosses and genetic reference populations derived from them, important tools for the genetic dissection of complex behavioral traits in the mouse. Thus, inbred mouse models of human anxiety may be a potent starting tool to search for candidate genes in mice, which could then via comparative genomics be translated to the human situation. In this paper we investigate whether the A/J and C57BL/6J mouse inbred strains differ in a limited number of motivational systems (anxiety, exploration, memory, locomotion, and social affinity), but especially in anxiety-related behavior from each other. Young adult individuals from both genders of A/J and C57BL/6J strains were behaviorally phenotyped using a multidimensional test: the modified hole board. This paradigm basically is a combination of the traditional hole board and the open field test allowing to test for anxiety-related avoidance behavior, risk assessment, arousal, exploration, memory, locomotor activity, and social affinity, using just one single test. An acute, aversive stimulus (intra-peritoneal injection with saline) was applied to the animals to test for the robustness of their behavioral phenotype. In addition, presumed physiological indicators for anxiety (circulating glucose, cholesterol, and corticosterone, adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase, and blood plasma and brain magnesium) were investigated. It could be concluded that C57BL/6J and A/J mice differ with respect to almost all tested motivational systems. For some measures, including anxiety-related behavioral parameters, there were clear gender effects. The high-anxiety phenotype of A/J mice could be shown to represent a primary and robust characteristic. Further, blood plasma and brain magnesium levels were significantly correlated with several anxiety-related behavioral parameters. These results emphasize the hypothesized, and possibly causal, association between magnesium status and emotionality.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00319384
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	102
e-ISSN	1873507X
Journal	Physiology & Behavior
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2011-02-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Brain Plasma Corticosterone Mice, Inbred A Menstrual Cycle Male Glucose Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase Blood Journal Article Behavior, Animal Discipline Physiology Escape Reaction Motivation Radioimmunoassay Genetics Female Anxiety Physiology Magnesium Disease Models, Animal Exploratory Behavior Avoidance Learning Risk Assessment Mice, Inbred C57bl Vaginal Smears Metabolism Cholesterol Neuropsychological Tests Pathology Recognition (psychology) Animals Analysis Of Variance Mice Discipline Behavioral Neuroscience Methods
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Neuroscience

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Behavioral characterization of A/J and C57BL/6J mice using a multidimensional test: association between blood plasma and brain magnesium-ion concentration with anxiety.

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Behavioral characterization of A/J and C57BL/6J mice using a multidimensional test: association between blood plasma and brain magnesium-ion concentration with anxiety.