NDLI: Virus uncoating is required for apoptosis induction in cultured mammalian cells infected with African horse sickness virus.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Vermaak, Elaine Theron, Jacques
Description	Country affiliation: South Africa Author Affiliation: Vermaak E ( Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.); Theron J ( Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.)
Abstract	Infection of cultured mammalian cells with African horse sickness virus (AHSV) is known to induce cell death. To date, the trigger(s) of this response, the apoptotic pathways activated during AHSV infection and the functional consequences of apoptosis on the virus replication cycle have yet to be characterized. This study demonstrated that extracellular treatment of BHK-21 cells with both of the AHSV4 outer capsid proteins, VP2 and VP5, was sufficient to trigger apoptosis. Whether steps in AHSV4 replication subsequent to viral attachment were required for AHSV4-induced apoptosis was also investigated. Apoptosis was induced in BHK-21 cells infected with UV-inactivated AHSV4 and in ribavirin-treated cells infected with AHSV4. However, both AHSV4- and VP2/VP5-stimulated apoptotic responses were inhibited in the presence of the endosomal acidification inhibitors ammonium chloride and chloroquine. These results indicated that uncoating of AHSV4 virions, but not viral transcription or subsequent steps in viral replication, was required for AHSV4 to induce apoptosis in BHK-21 cells. Furthermore, this study showed that both the extrinsic (caspase-8) and intrinsic (caspase-9) apoptotic pathways were induced following AHSV4 infection. The inhibition of caspase activity in AHSV4-infected cells did not diminish AHSV4 replication, but reduced the release and dissemination of progeny viral particles. Taken together, the data indicated that uncoating of AHSV virions was required for apoptosis induction, and that apoptosis enhanced virus spread and release.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00221317
Issue Number	Pt 7
Volume Number	96
e-ISSN	14652099
Journal	Journal of General Virology
Language	English
Publisher	Microbiology Society
Publisher Date	2015-07-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Cell Line Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Cricetinae Discipline Virology Metabolism Journal Article African Horse Sickness Virus Host-pathogen Interactions Animals Capsid Proteins Physiology Virus Uncoating Apoptosis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology

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