NDLI: Bioinspired fully physically cross-linked double network hydrogels with a robust, tough and self-healing structure.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Sabzi, Mohammad Samadi, Navid Abbasi, Farhang Mahdavinia, Gholam Reza Babaahmadi, Masoud
Description	Author Affiliation: Sabzi M ( Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran. Electronic address: m.sabzi@maragheh.ac.ir.); Samadi N ( Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran.); Abbasi F ( Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz 55181-83111, Iran.); Mahdavinia GR ( Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran.); Babaahmadi M ( Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran.)
Abstract	The conventional covalently cross-linked double network (DN) hydrogels with high stiffness often show low toughness and self-healing property due to the irreversible bond breakages in their networks. Therefore, scarcity of hydrogels that possess simultaneous features of stiffness, toughness, and autonomous self-healing properties at the same time remains a great challenge and seriously limits their biomedical applications. While, many natural materials acquire these features from their dynamic sacrificial bonds. Inspired by biomaterials, herein we propose a novel strategy to design stiff, tough and self-healing DN gels by substitution of both covalently cross-linked networks with strong, dynamic hydrogen bond cross-linked networks. The prepared fully physically cross-linked DN gels composed of strong agar biopolymer gel as the first network and tough polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) biopolymer gel as the second network. The DN gels demonstrated multiple-energy dissipating mechanisms with a high modulus up to 2200kPa, toughness up to 2111kJm , and ability to self-heal quickly and autonomously with regaining 67% of original strength only after 10min. The developed DN gels will open a new avenue to hydrogel research and holds high potential for diverse biomedical applications, such as scaffold, cartilage, tendon and muscle.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	09284931
Journal	Materials Science and Engineering: C
Volume Number	74
e-ISSN	18730191
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2017-05-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Mechanics of Materials Biomaterials Condensed Matter Physics Bioengineering Mechanical Engineering

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