| Author |
Bel-Serrat, Silvia Mouratidou, Theodora Huybrechts, Inge Labayen, Idoia Cuenca-García, Magdalena Palacios, Gonzalo Breidenassel, Christina Molnár, Dénes Roccaldo, Romana Widhalm, Kurt Gottrand, Frederic Kafatos, Anthony Manios, Yannis Vyncke, Krishna Sjöström, Michael Libuda, Lars Gómez-Martínez, Sonia Moreno, Luis A. |
| Description |
Country affiliation: Spain Author Affiliation: Bel-Serrat S ( Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza,C/Pedro Cerbuna 12,50009Zaragoza,Spain.); Mouratidou T ( Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza,C/Pedro Cerbuna 12,50009Zaragoza,Spain.); Huybrechts I ( Department of Public Health,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent University,Ghent,Belgium.); Labayen I ( Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza,C/Pedro Cerbuna 12,50009Zaragoza,Spain.); Cuenca-García M ( Department of Physiology,School of Medicine, University of Granada,Granada,Spain.); Palacios G ( Department of Health and Human Performance,Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid,Madrid,Spain.); Breidenassel C ( Department of Health and Human Performance,Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid,Madrid,Spain.); Molnár D ( Department of Pediatrics,University of Pécs,Pécs,Hungary.); Roccaldo R ( National Research Institute for Food and Nutrition, INRAN,Rome,Italy.); Widhalm K ( Department of Pediatrics,Private Medical University Salzburg,Salzburg,Austria.); Gottrand F ( Inserm U995, Faculty of Medicine,University Lille 2,Lille,France.); Kafatos A ( Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, University of Crete School of Medicine,Heraklion,Greece.); Manios Y ( Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Harokopio University,Athens,Greece.); Vyncke K ( Department of Public Health,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent University,Ghent,Belgium.); Sjöström M ( Karolinska Institute,Huddinge,Sweden.); Libuda L ( Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn,Dortmund,Germany.); Gómez-Martínez S ( Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC),Madrid,Spain.); Moreno LA ( Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza,C/Pedro Cerbuna 12,50009Zaragoza,Spain.) |
| Abstract |
The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between macronutrient intake and serum lipid profile in adolescents from eight European cities participating in the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) cross-sectional study (2006-7), and to assess the role of body fat-related variables in these associations. Weight, height, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol, TAG, apoB and apoA1 were measured in 454 adolescents (44% boys) aged 12.5-17.5 years. Macronutrient intake (g/4180 kJ per d (1000 kcal per d)) was assessed using two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. Associations were evaluated by multi-level analysis and adjusted for sex, age, maternal education, centre, sum of four skinfolds, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sedentary behaviours and diet quality index for adolescents. Carbohydrate intake was inversely associated with HDL-C (ß = - 0.189, P< 0.001). An inverse association was found between fat intake and TAG (ß = - 0.319, P< 0.001). Associations between macronutrient intake and serum lipids varied according to adiposity levels, i.e. an inverse association between carbohydrate intake and HDL-C was only observed in those adolescents with a higher waist:height ratio. As serum lipids and excess body fat are the major markers of CVD, these findings should be considered when developing strategies to prevent the risk of CVD among adolescents. |
