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| Content Provider | Springer Nature : BioMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | White, Richard Aubrey Zhang, Chi Valcarcel Salamanca, Beatriz Angelsen, Aslaug Zakiudin, Dinastry Pramadita Andries, Aristomo Kabashi, Saranda Moberg, Lene Lehmann |
| Abstract | Background Since 2022, Norway has employed a vaccine-only COVID-19 strategy. Primary healthcare in Norway uses International Classification of Primary Care version 2 (ICPC-2) codes. This study aims to systematically compare medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in 2023 with the pre-pandemic 2010–2019 trends, and subsequently estimate the magnitude of these changes. Methods For the respective outcomes of (A) working person-years lost to medically certified sick leave (WYLSL) and (B) number of primary healthcare consultations, 556 and 85 ICPC-2 code combinations were extracted from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration’s sick leave registry and the Norwegian Syndromic Surveillance System. For each ICPC-2 code combination, a Bayesian linear regression was performed using data between 2010 and 2019 to estimate an expected baseline for 2023, which was then used to calculate the deviation from the pre-pandemic trend. A false discovery rate of 5% was used to account for multiple testing. Results All years from 2020 to 2023 had excess WYLSL, corresponding to 14,491 (90% PI: 8,935 to 20,016) in 2020, 12,911 (90% PI: 5,916 to 19,996) in 2021, 21,263 (90% PI: 12,627 to 29,864) in 2022, and 24,466 (90% PI: 14,023 to 34,705) in 2023. This corresponded to an economic loss of approximately 1.5 billion USD in 2023. Excess WYLSL due to A* (General and unspecified) increased from 2020 to 2023, with an estimated excess of 4,136 WYLSL in 2023 (69% higher than expected). More than half of this increase was explained by A04 (Weakness/tiredness general), whose excess WYLSL in 2023 were estimated at 2,640 (80% higher than expected). The excess in A04 (Weakness/tiredness general) corresponded to an economic loss of 161 million USD and accounted for 11% of the total excess WYLSL in 2023. The excess WYLSL in R* (Respiratory) in 2023 was 3,408, which correspond to an economic loss of 207 million USD and accounted for 14% of the total excess in 2023. Conclusions Significant excesses in working person-years lost to medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in 2023. A sizable proportion of the excesses were due to diseases/symptoms associated with acute and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. |
| Related Links | https://archpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13690-024-01411-4.pdf |
| Ending Page | 18 |
| Page Count | 18 |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 20493258 |
| DOI | 10.1186/s13690-024-01411-4 |
| Journal | Archives of Public Health |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 82 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | BioMed Central |
| Publisher Date | 2024-10-22 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Public Health Medicine Health Policy Health Services Research Health Informatics COVID-19 Sick leave Primary healthcare Long COVID PASC Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 Medicine/Public Health |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health |
| Journal Impact Factor | 3.2/2023 |
| 5-Year Journal Impact Factor | 3.3/2023 |
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