NDLI: Are the digit ratio (2D:4D) and hand grip strength related to Parkinson disease in elderly males?

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Arazi, Hamid Birak Olia, Roghayeh Bavafa Eghbali, Ehsan
Abstract	Background Sex hormones affect the pathogenesis of Parkinson patients and it has been suggested that gender is the most important factor in the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease. Studies have shown that the second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is affected by the prenatal testosterone and estrogen levels and can predict predisposition to disease. In addition, decreased muscle strength in people with Parkinson’s has been repeatedly reported. Hand grip strength (HGS) is a suitable measure to evaluate the musculoskeletal system among the elderly and it is considered as an indicator of the overall strength of the body. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between Parkinson’s disease and HGS and 2D:4D ratio. Methods In this study 117 elderly men with Parkinson disease (mean age of 61.66 ± 11.28 years) and 156 healthy control subjects (mean age of 61.86 ± 6.29 years) participated. After determining the level of disability of Parkinson patients by a neurologist (level of disability in the range of 1–4), anthropometric indices (height, weight, length of the second and fourth fingers) and maximum HGS were measured. Results Although 2D:4D ratios (right and left hand) of male patients with Parkinson’s disease were higher than those of healthy males, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.12, P = 0.40; respectively). Conversely, HGS for the right and left hands of Parkinson patients were significantly lower than those of healthy males (P = 0.02, P = 0.03; respectively). The results showed a significant negative relationship between Parkinson disease and the right and left HGS (R = -0.16, P = 0.005; R = -0.17, P = 0.003; respectively). Parkinson disease had no significant relationship with 2D:4D of the right hand, left hand, mean finger ratio and DR−L 2D:4D (P > 0.05). The regression results showed that the right and left HGS were not able to predict Parkinson disease (P = 0.25, P = 0.16; respectively). Conclusion We concluded that HGS was negatively associated with the Parkinson disease, but conversely, 2D:4D may not be a valuable biomarker of elevated risk of Parkinson in elderly males.
Related Links	https://bmcsportsscimedrehabil.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13102-023-00642-2.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	20521847
DOI	10.1186/s13102-023-00642-2
Journal	BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	15
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-03-20
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation Sports Medicine Orthopedics Rehabilitation Medicine 2D:4D Parkinson disease Sexual dimorphism Handgrip strength Sex hormones
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	2.1/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2.3/2023

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