NDLI: Anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 activity of MoMo30 protein isolated from the traditional African medicinal plant Momordica balsamina

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Khan, Mahfuz Diop, Amad Gbodossou, Erick Xiao, Peng Coleman, Morgan De Barros, Kenya Duong, Hao Bond, Vincent C. Floyd, Virginia Kondwani, Kofi Rice, Valerie Montgomery Harris-Hooker, Sandra Villinger, Francois Powell, Michael D.
Abstract	Background Plants are used in traditional healing practices of many cultures worldwide. Momordica balsamina is a plant commonly used by traditional African healers as a part of a treatment for HIV/AIDS. It is typically given as a tea to patients with HIV/AIDS. Water-soluble extracts of this plant were found to contain anti-HIV activity. Methods We employed cell-based infectivity assays, surface plasmon resonance, and a molecular-cell model of the gp120-CD4 interaction to study the mechanism of action of the MoMo30-plant protein. Using Edman degradation results of the 15 N-terminal amino acids, we determined the gene sequence of the MoMo30-plant protein from an RNAseq library from total RNA extracted from Momordica balsamina. Results Here, we identify the active ingredient of water extracts of the leaves of Momordica balsamina as a 30 kDa protein we call MoMo30-plant. We have identified the gene for MoMo30 and found it is homologous to a group of plant lectins known as Hevamine A-like proteins. MoMo30-plant is distinct from other proteins previously reported agents from the Momordica species, such as ribosome-inactivating proteins such as MAP30 and Balsamin. MoMo30-plant binds to gp120 through its glycan groups and functions as a lectin or carbohydrate-binding agent (CBA). It inhibits HIV-1 at nanomolar levels and has minimal cellular toxicity at inhibitory levels. Conclusions CBAs like MoMo30 can bind to glycans on the surface of the enveloped glycoprotein of HIV (gp120) and block entry. Exposure to CBAs has two effects on the virus. First, it blocks infection of susceptible cells. Secondly, MoMo30 drives the selection of viruses with altered glycosylation patterns, potentially altering their immunogenicity. Such an agent could represent a change in the treatment strategy for HIV/AIDS that allows a rapid reduction in viral loads while selecting for an underglycosylated virus, potentially facilitating the host immune response.
Related Links	https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12985-023-02010-5.pdf
Ending Page	15
Page Count	15
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1186/s12985-023-02010-5
Journal	Virology Journal
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	20
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-03-22
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Virology MoMo30-plant Anti-viral gp120 HIV-1 Glycan CBA Momordica Lectin
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.8/2023

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Anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 activity of MoMo30 protein isolated from the traditional African medicinal plant Momordica balsamina

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Anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 activity of MoMo30 protein isolated from the traditional African medicinal plant Momordica balsamina