NDLI: Non-hospital healthcare center’s preparedness assessment toolbar for providing basic emergency care: a sequential exploratory mixed-method study

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Sadeghi-Bazargani, Homayoun Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad Janati, Ali Rahmani, Farzad
Abstract	Background Basic emergency management in urban and rural areas is a critical challenge, which can affect the pre-hospital mortality rate. Therefore, Non-hospital Healthcare Center (NHHC) must be prepared to manage such emergency cases that may occur in the geographic area where these centers act. The main aim of the study was to develop and validate an toolbar for NHHCs’ preparedness to provide initial emergency care. Methods This study was designed based on a sequential exploratory mixed- method in two phases, in each of which there are three steps. In the phase I, the literature systematic review and qualitative methods (Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Semi-Structured Interviews (SSIs)) were applied to identify the domains and items. In the phase II, content validity, feasibility, and reliability of the toolbar were performed. Content validity was assessed using a modified Kappa coefficient based on clarity and relevance criteria. Feasibility of the toolbar was randomly assessed through its implementation in 10 centers in Tabriz. Reliability was randomly assessed in a pilot on 30 centers. Reliability was assessed by measuring internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater agreement. The main statistical methods for assessing reliability include Cronbach’s alpha, Intra-class Correlation Coefficient, and Kendal’s Tau-b. All the statistical analyses were performed using Stata 14. Results In the phase I, primary version of the toolbar containing 134 items related to assessing the preparedness of NHHCs was generated. In the phase II, item reduction was applied and the final version of the toolbar was developed containing 126 items, respectively. These items were classified in 9 domains which include: “Environmental Infrastructures of Centers”, “Protocols, Guidelines and Policies”, “Medical Supplies and Equipment”, “Emergency Medicines”, “Human Resources”, “Clinical Interventions”, “Maintenance of equipment”, “Medicine Storage Capability”, and “Management Process”. The toolbar had acceptable validity and reliability. Conclusions This study provided a standard and valid toolbar that can be used to assess the preparedness of NHHCs to deliver initial emergency care.
Related Links	https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-09053-y.pdf
Ending Page	19
Page Count	19
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14726963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-023-09053-y
Journal	BMC Health Services Research
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	23
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-01-23
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Health Administration Health Informatics Nursing Research Non-hospital healthcare centers Primary healthcare center Outpatient clinic Preparedness Assessment Instrument Toolbar Emergency care Life-threatening emergency
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health Policy

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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