NDLI: Evaluating tidal volume stability in extremely preterm infants on high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with volume guarantee

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Algarni, Saleh S. Almutairi, Omar M. Sufyani, Mohammed Alshreedah, Saad Alotaibi, Naif Alanazi, Sami S. Alharthi, Abeer H. Alanazi, Ibrahim Ghazwani, Abadi Ali, Ibrahim Homedi, Abdulaziz Alsaif, Saif Ali, Kamal
Abstract	Background High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) combined with volume guarantee (HFOV-VG) represents an innovative ventilation mode designed for managing respiratory failure in neonates. This study aimed to assess the stability of High Frequency tidal volume (VThf) in extremely preterm infants ventilated on HFOV with VG during the first 48 h of life. Additional objectives included examining the correlations between VThf, Diffusion Coefficient of Carbon Dioxide (DCO2) and key respiratory markers. Methods This retrospective, single-center study included 22 extremely preterm infants treated with HFOV-VG as the primary mode of ventilation at King Abdulaziz Medical City. Data were collected directly from the ventilator every minute for the first 48 h of life. Blood gases were analyzed every 4–6 h to maintain normocapnia (PCO2 40–55 mmHg). The distribution of continuous variables was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality. As most data were found to be non-normally distributed, results are presented as medians with interquartile ranges (IQR). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare non-normally distributed continuous variables across groups. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (Spearman’s rho) was used to evaluate correlations between key clinical and ventilatory variables. All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata software (version 17; StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX), with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results Twenty-two infants had a median gestational age of 26.5 weeks (IQR 24–28) and a median birth weight of 830 g (IQR 600–1300). The median set VThf per kilogram was 2.2 mL/kg [IQR 2,2.6], which was consistent with the measured VThf. Significant correlations were observed between weight-corrected DCO2 and VThf (spearman rho = 0.8089, p < 0.0001), and between measured amplitude and weight corrected DCO2 (spearman rho = 0.6497p < 0.0001). Raw DCO2 correlated with measured amplitude (spearman rho = 0.1364, p < 0.0001). PCO2 showed no significant correlation with raw DCO2 (p = 0.4813) and weight-corrected DCO2 (p = 0.4845). Notable variations in FiO2, frequency, and MAP were identified between different PCO2 levels (p < 0.01) as well as the weight corrected DCO2 (p = 0.04). Conclusions HFOV-VG effectively stabilized VThf in extremely preterm infants with fluctuations in amplitude, providing consistent ventilation support during the early critical period. The weight-corrected DCO2 correlated strongly with VThf and measured amplitude, underscoring its potential as a reliable marker for CO2 clearance. These findings highlight the utility of HFOV-VG in managing respiratory needs in extreme preterm infant.
Related Links	https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12887-025-05612-w.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712431
DOI	10.1186/s12887-025-05612-w
Journal	BMC Pediatrics
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2025-03-31
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Pediatrics Internal Medicine HFOV Volume guarantee Preterm infants Tidal volume Carbon dioxide
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Journal Impact Factor	2/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2.4/2023

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