NDLI: Association of magnesium deficiency, tobacco smoke exposure and hypertension in children and adolescents: evidence from the NHANES 2007

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Gong, Yongjian Zhou, Cheng Wan, Yu Yin, Haibin
Abstract	Background Recent studies suggested that the combination of tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and dietary nutrients intake may be related to a higher or lower risk of hypertension. However, the relationship between dietary magnesium (Mg) intake, TSE and the odds of hypertension remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association of TSE, dietary Mg intake and the odds of hypertension among children and adolescents. Method Data of this study were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2007–2018. Dietary Mg intake was calculated as the average of two days of dietary and supplementations intake. Serum cotinine concertation ≥ 0.05 µg/L or at least one-person smoking in the household was considered as exposing to the tobacco smoke. The weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to explore the associations of dietary Mg intake, TSE and the odds of hypertension among children and adolescents with the evaluation index of odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses based on different age, gender and overweight were further assessed these associations. Results A total of 7,122 children and adolescents aged 8–17 years old and with the blood pressure measurement were included. Of which, 948 (13.31%) had hypertension. After adjusting all covariates, we observed children and adolescents exposed to tobacco smoke was related to higher odds of hypertension (OR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.01–1.78); children and adolescents not reached the dietary Mg references intakes was related to higher odds of hypertension (OR = 1.48, (95%CI: 1.11–1.97); compared to children and adolescents non-TSE and reached the DRIs of Mg, those not reached the DRIs of Mg and exposed to tobacco smoke have the highest odds of hypertension (OR = 1.94, 95%CI: 1.30–2.89, P for trend = 0.002). These associations of dietary Mg intake, TSE and hypertension remain robust after the stratified analysis based on age, gender and overweight was conducted. Conclusion Our findings suggested there were a robust association between dietary Mg intake, TSE and hypertension in children and adolescents. Those children and adolescents with deficiency dietary Mg intake and exposed to tobacco smoke may have the high odds of hypertension. More restrictions on smoking as well as Mg supplementation in the prevention and treatment of hypertension among children and adolescents might be justified.
Related Links	https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12887-024-05097-z.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712431
DOI	10.1186/s12887-024-05097-z
Journal	BMC Pediatrics
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-10-10
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Pediatrics Internal Medicine Dietary magnesium Tobacco smoke exposure Hypertension Children and adolescents NHANES database
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Journal Impact Factor	2/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2.4/2023

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