NDLI: A prospective observational cohort study of HIV infection in Indonesia: baseline characteristics and one-year mortality

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Merati, Tuti P. Yunihastuti, Evy Wisaksana, Rudi Kurniati, Nia Arlinda, Dona Karyana, Muhammad Susanto, Nugroho H. Lokida, Dewi Kosasih, Herman Diana, Aly Bang, Lois E. Setiyaningrum, Melinda Amin, Desrinawati M. Eppy, Eppy Cahyawati, Wiwit A. S. N. Danudirgo, Emon W. Darmaja, I Made Gede Farhanah, Nur Gunawan, Carta A. Hadi, Usman Jamil, Kurnia F. Katu, Sudirman Kembaren, Tambar Kosa, I Gede Rai Norosingomurti, Danang L. Purnama, Asep Laksanawati, Ida S. Rusli, Adria Somia, I Ketut Agus Subronto, Yanri W. Toruan, Ivan L. Ridzon, Renee Liang, C. Jason Neal, Aaron T. Chen, Ray Y.
Abstract	Introduction The incidence rate of newly diagnosed HIV infection in Indonesia decreased from 21 per 100,000 in 2011 to 10 per 100,000 in 2021. Despite this progress, AIDS-related deaths among people living with HIV (PLWH) increased from 3.4% in 2010 to 4.8% in 2020. Determining risk factors for mortality may identify areas to intervene and reduce mortality. Methods A multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study of HIV infection, coinfections, and comorbidities (INA-PROACTIVE) was carried out at 19 hospitals across major islands in Indonesia. The study enrolled PLWH from 2018–2020 and followed them for 3 years. For this analysis, PLWH ≥ 18 years old with one year of follow-up data were included. Cox regression was used to identify variables at enrollment that correlated with one-year mortality. Results Among the 4,050 PLWH analysed in the study, 68.8% were male, 53.5% acquired HIV through heterosexual transmission, 92.4% were on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at enrollment, and 72.4% had an undetectable viral load. At one year, 115 (2.8%) had died. Detectable viremia at enrollment was significantly associated with mortality, with the risk increasing as the viral load (VL) category increased (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 4.47, 95% CI: 1.47–13.56 for VL 50 to < 1,000 copies/mL; aHR 7.88, 95% CI: 2.80–22.20 for VL 1,000 to 10,000 copies/mL; and aHR 18.33, 95% CI: 7.94–42.34 for VL > 10,000 copies/mL; compared to VL < 50 copies/mL). Other factors at enrollment significantly associated with mortality were a CD4 + count < 200 (aHR 8.02, 95% CI: 2.69–23.86; compared to ≥ 350), age 40–49 years (aHR 2.19, 95% CI 1.23–3.87; compared to 18–29 years) and being underweight (aHR 1.84, 95% CI: 1.18–2.85; compared to normal weight). Conclusions Among predominantly treatment-experienced PLWH, detectable viremia and continued immunosuppression were significantly associated with one-year mortality. This study highlights the importance of ART with complete viral suppression as well as immune recovery to prevent mortality. Trial registration Clinical Trial Number: NCT03663920, registration date: 4 January 2018.
Related Links	https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12879-024-10354-8.pdf
Ending Page	13
Page Count	13
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-10354-8
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2025-01-20
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Medical Microbiology Tropical Medicine Internal Medicine HIV Indonesia Mortality Risk factors Adult cohort Viremia
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Modifiable healthcare factors affecting 28-day survival in bloodstream infection: a prospective cohort study

Risk factors of recurrent erysipelas in adult Chinese patients: a prospective cohort study

Risk factors for dengue mortality: a 7-year retrospective cohort in Honduras

Observed versus predicted cardiovascular events and all-cause death in HIV infection: a longitudinal cohort study

Hepatitis B prevalence and risk factors among adults living with HIV in South Africa: a clinic-based cohort study

Transient detectable viremia and the risk of viral rebound in patients from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Factors predictive of treatment failure in staphylococcal prosthetic vascular graft infections: a prospective observational cohort study: impact of rifampin

Risk factors for long-term mortality in patients admitted with severe infection

The immunological response to syphilis differs by HIV status; a prospective observational cohort study

A prospective observational cohort study of HIV infection in Indonesia: baseline characteristics and one-year mortality

Similar Documents

Modifiable healthcare factors affecting 28-day survival in bloodstream infection: a prospective cohort study

Risk factors of recurrent erysipelas in adult Chinese patients: a prospective cohort study

Risk factors for dengue mortality: a 7-year retrospective cohort in Honduras

Observed versus predicted cardiovascular events and all-cause death in HIV infection: a longitudinal cohort study

Hepatitis B prevalence and risk factors among adults living with HIV in South Africa: a clinic-based cohort study

Transient detectable viremia and the risk of viral rebound in patients from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Factors predictive of treatment failure in staphylococcal prosthetic vascular graft infections: a prospective observational cohort study: impact of rifampin

Risk factors for long-term mortality in patients admitted with severe infection

The immunological response to syphilis differs by HIV status; a prospective observational cohort study

A prospective observational cohort study of HIV infection in Indonesia: baseline characteristics and one-year mortality