NDLI: Teaching the Teacher: Tutoring SimStudent Leads to More Effective Cognitive Tutor Authoring

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Teaching the Teacher: Tutoring SimStudent Leads to More Effective Cognitive Tutor Authoring

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Koedinger, Kenneth R. Matsuda, Noboru Cohen, William W.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	SimStudent is a machine-learning agent initially developed to help novice authors to create cognitive tutors without heavy programming. Integrated into an existing suite of software tools called Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT), SimStudent helps authors to create an expert model for a cognitive tutor by tutoring SimStudent on how to solve problems. There are two different ways to author an expert model with SimStudent. In the context of Authoring by Tutoring, the author interactively tutors SimStudent by posing problems to SimStudent, providing feedback on the steps performed by SimStudent, and also demonstrating steps as a response to SimStudent’s hint requests when SimStudent cannot perform steps correctly. In the context of Authoring by Demonstration, the author demonstrates solution steps, and SimStudent attempts to induce underlying domain principles by generalizing those worked-out examples. We conducted evaluation studies to investigate which authoring strategy better facilitates authoring and found two key results. First, the expert model generated with Authoring by Tutoring is better and has higher accuracy while maintaining the same level of completeness than the one generated with Authoring by Demonstration. The reason for this better accuracy is that the expert model generated by tutoring benefits from negative feedback provided for SimStudent’s incorrect production applications. Second, authoring by Tutoring requires less time than Authoring by Demonstration. This enhanced authoring efficiency is partially because (a) when Authoring by Demonstration, the author needs to test the quality of the expert model, whereas the formative assessment of the expert model is done naturally by observing SimStudent’s performance when Authoring by Tutoring, and (b) the number of steps that need to be demonstrated during tutoring decreases as learning progresses.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	34
Page Count	34
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15604292
Journal	International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Volume Number	25
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15604306
Language	English
Publisher	Springer New York
Publisher Date	2014-05-20
Publisher Institution	International AIED Society
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Intelligent authoring system Educational Technology Machine learning Cognitive tutor authoring tools User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics) Computers and Education Programming by demonstration Inductive logic programming SimStudent
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Education Computational Theory and Mathematics E-learning

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Teaching the Teacher: Tutoring SimStudent Leads to More Effective Cognitive Tutor Authoring

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Teaching the Teacher: Tutoring SimStudent Leads to More Effective Cognitive Tutor Authoring

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