NDLI: The spatiotemporal variation of reference evapotranspiration and the contribution of its climatic factors in the Loess Plateau, China

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Li, Yanzhong Liang, Kang Bai, Peng Feng, Aiqing Liu, Lifang Dong, Guotao
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Reference evapotranspiration (ET$_{0}$) is an important parameter of agricultural activity and hydro-meteorological studies. In this study, we used the Food and Agriculture Organization Penman–Monteith equation to evaluate ET$_{0}$, and to investigate the change point of ET$_{0}$ in the Loess Plateau region from 1960 to 2013. The results showed that a change point was detected at approximately the year 1990 for annual ET$_{0}$ series from 108 meteorological stations using Cramer’s statistical test. The annual ET$_{0}$ decreased significantly (p < 0.05) by −1.22 mm year$^{−1}$ from 1960 to 1990, especially during the summer months, which contributed the most to the total annual reduction, while it increased significantly (p < 0.001) by 1.15 mm year$^{−1}$ from 1991 to 2013, with the spring months contributing the most. The ET$_{0}$ and its trend in the five integrated management divisions of the Loess Plateau have significant spatial heterogeneity. The highest and lowest ET$_{0}$ were found in the third and fifth divisions from 1960 to 2013. The ET$_{0}$ decreased significantly in the first division and increased in the fourth divisions (1960–1990 and 1991–2013, respectively). Using differential equations to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of various factors, the wind speed was mostly responsible for the variability in the ET$_{0}$ trend from 1960 to 1990, followed by solar radiation and vapor pressure. The positive effect of air temperature on ET$_{0}$ trend was offset by the other three factors, and the combined effects of the four climatic variables led to the decrease in the ET$_{0}$ trend. However, the rapidly increasing air temperature became the predominant factor in the change in the ET$_{0}$ trend after 1990. A spatiotemporal variation of predominant contribution to the ET$_{0}$ trend was identified. The temperature dominant region changed from the third to the first division for 1960–1990 and 1991–2013. Radiation did not change. Vapor pressure changed from the first to the fourth and the wind speed changed from the forth to the third. This study could contribute to a better understanding of the response of the spatial and temporal variation of ET$_{0}$ to increased climate change. Additionally, this research also provides scientific support to regional planning and management.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	75
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-02-19
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Reference evapotranspiration Climate factors contribution Climate change Loess Plateau Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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