NDLI: Assessment of natural radioactivity and associated radiation hazards in sand building material used in Douala Littoral Region of Cameroon, using gamma spectrometry

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Guembou Shouop, Cébastien Joël Ndontchueng Moyo, Maurice Chene, Grégoire Nguelem Mekontso, Eric Jilbert Motapon, Ousmanou Kayo, Steve Arnold Strivay, David
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Twenty-four sand samples were collected from different sand quarries from Douala Littoral Region (Wouri, Dibamba, Mungo and Docteur Anse rivers and Atlantic Sea) along the Guinea Golf. These samples were investigated using gamma-ray spectrometry system. Highest values of $^{226}$Ra, $^{232}$Th and $^{40}$K measured specific activities expressed in Bq Kg$^{−1}$ units were, respectively, 146.7 (in Youpoue–Bamenda 2) 102.9 (in Village 1) and 928 (in Northern Akwa 6) while the lowest values were found to be, respectively, 11.8 (in Northern Akwa 6), 8.0 (in Bonaberi–Bonamikano 4) and 54.0 (Youpoue 3). The potential radiological hazards parameters were assessed by calculating successively radium equivalent activity (Ra$_{eq}$), outdoor absorbed gamma dose rate (D $_{out}$), annual effective dose rate, internal hazard (H $_{in}$) and external hazard (H $_{ex}$) indices and alpha and gamma index from using those sand in the construction of dwellings and large buildings. Results obtained show that annual dose absorbed by inhabitants due to sand construction use in Douala is below 1.0 mSv year$^{−1}$. Therefore, most of the types of sands studied and incorporated in constructions appear to be safe as building material. The outputs from this research will be useful to assess the radiation hazards of sand building material in humans and to initiate a sand database together with a radiological map of the area at stake.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	12
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	76
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2017-02-16
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Gamma-ray spectrometry HPGe Specific activity BEGE-6530 Radiological hazards parameters Absorbed dose Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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