NDLI: Diazoxide Reduces Status Epilepticus Neuron Damage in Diabetes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Huang, Chin Wei Wu, Sheng Nan Cheng, Juei Tang Tsai, Jing Jane Huang, Chao Ching
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Diabetic hyperglycemia is associated with seizure severity and may aggravate brain damage after status epilepticus. Our earlier studies suggest the involvement of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K$_{ATP}$) in glucose-related neuroexcitability. We aimed to determine whether K$_{ATP}$ agonist protects against status epilepticus-induced brain damage. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (STZ) group and the normal saline (NS) group. Both groups were treated with either diazoxide (15 mg/kg, i.v.) (STZ + DZX, NS + DZX) or vehicle (STZ + V, NS + V) before lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. We evaluated seizure susceptibility, severity, and mortality. The rats underwent Morris water-maze tests and hippocampal histopathology analyses 24 h post-status epilepticus. A multi-electrode recording system was used to study field excitatory postsynaptic synaptic potentials (fEPSP). RNA interference (RNAi) to knockdown Kir 6.2 in a hippocampal cell line was used to evaluate the effect of diazoxide in the presence of high concentration of ATP. Seizures were less severe (P < 0.01), post-status epilepticus learning and memory were better (P < 0.05), and neuron loss in the hippocampal CA3 area was lower (P < 0.05) in the STZ + DZX than the STZ + V group. In contrast, seizure severity, post-status epilepticus learning and memory, and hippocampal CA3 neuron loss were comparable in the NS + DZX and NS + V groups. fEPSP was lower in the STZ + DZX but not in the NS + DZX group. The RNAi study confirmed that diazoxide, with its K$_{ATP}$-opening effects, could counteract the K$_{ATP}$-closing effect by high dose ATP. We conclude that, by opening K$_{ATP}$, diazoxide protects against status epilepticus-induced neuron damage during diabetic hyperglycemia.
Starting Page	305
Ending Page	316
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10298428
Journal	Neurotoxicity Research
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14763524
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2009-09-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Diazoxide Status epilepticus Diabetes ATP-sensitive potassium channel Neurobiology Pharmacology/Toxicology Neurochemistry Neurology Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Toxicology

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