NDLI: Eyeblink Conditioning in Healthy Adults: A Positron Emission Tomography Study

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Parker, Krystal L. Andreasen, Nancy C. Liu, Dawei Freeman, John H. Ponto, Laura L. Boles O’Leary, Daniel S.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Eyeblink conditioning is a paradigm commonly used to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying motor learning. It involves the paired presentation of a tone-conditioning stimulus which precedes and co-terminates with an airpuff unconditioned stimulus. Following repeated paired presentations a conditioned eyeblink develops which precedes the airpuff. This type of learning has been intensively studied and the cerebellum is known to be essential in both humans and animals. The study presented here was designed to investigate the role of the cerebellum during eyeblink conditioning in humans using positron emission tomography (PET). The sample includes 20 subjects (10 male and 10 female) with an average age of 29.2 years. PET imaging was used to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes occurring during the first, second, and third blocks of conditioning. In addition, stimuli-specific rCBF to unpaired tones and airpuffs (“pseudoconditioning”) was used as a baseline level that was subtracted from each block. Conditioning was performed using three, 15-trial blocks of classical eyeblink conditioning with the last five trials in each block imaged. As expected, subjects quickly acquired conditioned responses. A comparison between the conditioning tasks and the baseline task revealed that during learning there was activation of the cerebellum and recruitment of several higher cortical regions. Specifically, large peaks were noted in cerebellar lobules IV/V, the frontal lobes, and cingulate gyri.
Starting Page	946
Ending Page	956
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14734222
Journal	The Cerebellum
Volume Number	11
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14734230
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-03-20
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Eyeblink conditioning Motor learning PET imagining Frontal lobe Extinction Neurobiology Neurosciences Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Neurology (clinical)

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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