NDLI: Adipocytes Promote B16BL6 Melanoma Cell Invasion and the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition

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Adipocytes Promote B16BL6 Melanoma Cell Invasion and the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition

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Adipocytes Promote B16BL6 Melanoma Cell Invasion and the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kushiro, Kyoko Chu, Randy A. Verma, Akanksha Núñez, Nomelí P.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Metastatic melanoma is one of the most deadly and evasive types of cancer. On average, cancer patients with metastatic melanoma survive only 6–9 months after diagnosis. Epidemiological and animal studies suggest that obesity increases the metastatic ability of malignant melanoma, though the mechanism is not known. In the present studies, we assessed the ability of 3T3L1 adipocytes to modulate B16BL6 melanoma cell invasion and the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). For this purpose, we induced the differentiation of 3T3L1 fibroblasts to adipocytes. Then, we collected the cell culture media from both fibroblasts and adipocytes and determined their effect on the invasive ability and EMT gene expression of B16BL6 melanoma cells. Results show that adipocyte media increased that ability of B16BL6 cells to invade. The higher invasive ability of B16BL6 melanoma cells was associated with increased expression of EMT genes such as Snai1, MMP9, Twist, and Vimentin. Additionally, the expression of the cell-to-cell adhesion protein E-cadherin and the metastasis suppressor gene Kiss1 were down-regulated in these B16BL6 cells. Also, adipocytes had high levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin 6 (IL-6). Treatment of B16BL6 cells with IL-6 elicited similar effects as the adipocyte media; IL-6 promoted the invasive ability of B16BL6 melanoma cells, increased the expression of Snai1, and decreased Kiss1 expression. IL-6 neutralization, however, did not have a visible effect on adipocyte media-induced invasion and snai1 staining. In summary, adipocytes may increase the invasive ability of B16BL6 melanoma cells by promoting EMT and decreasing the expression of genes such as E-cadherin and Kiss1.
Starting Page	73
Ending Page	82
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18752292
Journal	Cancer Microenvironment
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	18752284
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-09-03
Publisher Institution	International Cancer Microenvironment Society
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	3T3L1 adipocytes B16BL6 EMT Snai1 Kiss1 Biomedicine general Biochemistry Immunology Cell Biology Oncology Cancer Research
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Oncology

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