NDLI: Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: I. Soil Quality and Dry Matter Yield

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Brown, Carol Griggs, Thomas Keene, Travis Marra, Mike Skousen, Jeff
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Growing food crops for biofuel on productive agricultural lands may become less viable as requirements to feed a growing human population increase. This has increased interest in growing cellulosic biofuel feedstocks on marginal lands. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a warm-season perennial, is a viable bioenergy crop candidate because it produces high yields on marginal lands under low fertility conditions. In other studies, switchgrass dry matter (DM) yields on marginal croplands varied from 5.0 to 10.0 Mg ha$^{−1}$ annually. West Virginia contains immense areas of reclaimed surface mined lands that could support a switchgrass-based biofuel industry, but yield data on these lands are lacking. Field experiments were established in 2008 to determine yields of three switchgrass cultivars on two West Virginia mine sites. One site reclaimed with topsoil and municipal sludge produced biomass yields of 19.0 Mg DM ha$^{−1}$ for Cave-in-Rock switchgrass after the sixth year, almost double the varieties Shawnee and Carthage, at 10.0 and 5.7 Mg ha$^{−1}$, respectively. Switchgrass yields on another site with no topsoil were 1.0 Mg ha$^{−1}$ after the sixth year, with little variation among cultivars. A second experiment was conducted at two other mine sites with a layer of topsoil over gray overburden. Cave-in-Rock was seeded with fertilizer applications of 0, 34, and 68 kg N-P$_{2}$O$_{5}$-K$_{2}$O ha$^{−1}$. After the third year, the no fertilizer treatment averaged biomass yields of 0.3 Mg ha$^{−1}$, while responses to the other two rates averaged 1.1 and 2.0 Mg ha$^{−1}$, respectively. Fertilization significantly increased yields on reclaimed mine soils. Where mine soil fertility was good, yields were similar to those reported on agricultural soils in the Northeastern USA.
Starting Page	31
Ending Page	39
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19391234
Journal	BioEnergy Research
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	19391242
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2015-07-15
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biomass Carthage Cave-in-Rock Harvest management Revegetation Shawnee Switchgrass fertilization Plant Sciences Plant Genetics & Genomics Plant Breeding/Biotechnology Plant Ecology Wood Science & Technology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Agronomy and Crop Science

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