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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Abdul Muneer, P. M. Long, Mathew Conte, Adria Andrea Santhakumar, Vijayalakshmi Pfister, Bryan J. |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | We investigated the hypothesis that high Ca$^{2+}$ influx during traumatic brain injury induces the activation of the caspase-1 enzyme, which triggers neuroinflammation and cell apoptosis in a cell culture model of neuronal stretch injury and an in vivo model of fluid percussion injury (FPI). We first established that stretch injury causes a rapid increase in the intracellular Ca$^{2+}$ level, which activates interleukin-converting enzyme caspase-1. The increase in the intracellular Ca$^{2+}$ level and subsequent caspase-1 activation culminates into neuroinflammation via the maturation of IL-1β. Further, we analyzed caspase-1-mediated apoptosis by TUNEL staining and PARP western blotting. The voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, tetrodotoxin, mitigated the stretch injury-induced neuroinflammation and subsequent apoptosis by blocking Ca$^{2+}$ influx during the injury. The effect of tetrodotoxin was similar to the caspase-1 inhibitor, zYVAD-fmk, in neuronal culture. To validate the in vitro results, we demonstrated an increase in caspase-1 activity, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in fluid percussion-injured animals. Our data suggest that neuronal injury/traumatic brain injury (TBI) can induce a high influx of Ca$^{2+}$ to the cells that cause neuroinflammation and cell death by activating caspase-1, IL-1β, and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. We conclude that excess IL-1β production and cell death may contribute to neuronal dysfunction and cognitive impairment associated with TBI. |
| Starting Page | 3964 |
| Ending Page | 3975 |
| Page Count | 12 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 08937648 |
| Journal | Molecular Neurobiology |
| Volume Number | 54 |
| Issue Number | 6 |
| e-ISSN | 15591182 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer US |
| Publisher Date | 2016-06-11 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Traumatic brain injury Neuronal stretch injury Fluid percussion injury Ca$^{2+}$ influx Caspase-1 IL-1β Neuroinflammation Apoptosis Neurosciences Neurobiology Cell Biology Neurology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Neurology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience |
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