NDLI: Peroxisomal lipid degradation via β-and α-oxidation in Mammals

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mannaerts, Guy P. Veldhoven, Paul P. Casteels, M.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	Peroxisomal β-oxidation is involved in the degradation of long chain and very long chain fatty acyl-(coenzyme A)CoAs, long chain dicarboxylyl-CoAs, the CoA esters of eicosanoids, 2-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoAs (e.g. pristanoyl-CoA), and the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and trihydroxycoprostanic acids (side chain of cholesterol).In the rat, straight chain acyl-CoAs (including the CoA esters of dicarboxylic fatty acids and eicosanoids) are β-oxidized via palmitoyl-CoA oxidase, multifunctional protein-1 (which displays 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase and L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, dehydrogenase activities) and peroxisomal thiolase. 2-Methyl-branched acyl-CoAs are degraded via pristanoyl-CoA oxidase, multifunctional protein-2 (MFP-2) (which displays 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase and D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities) and sterol carrier protein-X (SCPX; displaying 2-methyl-3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase activity). The side chain of the bile acid intermediates is shortened via one cycle of β-oxidation catalyzed by trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase, MFP-2 and SCPX. In the human, straight chain acyl-CoAs are oxidized via palmitoyl-CoA oxidase, multifunctional protein-1, and peroxisomal thiolase, as is the case in the rat. The CoA esters of 2-methyl-branched acyl-CoAs and the bile acid intermediates, which also possess a 2-methyl substitution in their side chain, are shortened, via branched chain acyl-CoA oxidase (which is the human homolog of trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase), multifunctional protein-2, and SCPX. The rat and the human enzymes have been purified, cloned, and kinetically and stereochemically characterized.3-Methyl-branched fatty acids such as phytanic acid are not directly β-oxidizable because of the position of the methyl-branch. They are first shortened by one carbon atom through the a-oxidation process to a 2-methyl-branched fatty acid (pristanic acid in the case of phytanic acid), which is then degraded via peroxisomal β-oxidation. In the human and the rat, α-oxidation is catalyzed by an acyl-CoA synthetase (producing a 3-methylacyl-CoA), a 3-methylacyl-CoA 2-hydroxylase (resulting in a 2-hydroxy-3-methylacyl-CoA), and a 2-hydroxy-3-methylacyl-CoA lyase that cleaves the 2-hydroxy-3-methylacyl-CoA into a 2-methyl-branched fatty aldehyde and formyl-CoA. The fatty aldehyde is dehydrogenated by an aldehyde dehydrogenase to a 2-methyl-branched fatty acid while formyl-CoA is hydrolyzed to formate, which is then converted to CO$_{2}$. The activation, hydroxylation and cleavage reactions and the hydrolysis of formyl-CoA are performed by peroxisomal enzymes; the aldehyde dehydrogenation remains to be localized whereas the conversion of formate to CO$_{2}$ occurs mainly in the cytosol.
Starting Page	73
Ending Page	87
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10859195
Journal	Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics
Volume Number	32
Issue Number	1-3
e-ISSN	15590283
Language	English
Publisher	Humana Press
Publisher Date	2000-01-01
Publisher Place	Totowa
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biochemistry Pharmacology/Toxicology Biotechnology Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Medicine Biochemistry Biophysics

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Peroxisomal β-oxidation enzymes

Peroxisomal proteins in rat gametes

ARF- and coatomer-mediated peroxisomal vesiculation

Protein translocation across the peroxisomal membrane

Inhibition of Lymphoma Cell Proliferation by Peroxisomal Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Ligands via Wnt Signaling Pathway

Peroxisomal proliferation induced by treatment with clofibrate in a patient with a peroxisomal disease

Circadian rhythm entrainment in flies and mammals

Transport of peroxisomal proteins synthesized as large precursors in plants

In silicio search for genes encoding peroxisomal proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Peroxisomal lipid degradation via β-and α-oxidation in Mammals

Similar Documents

Peroxisomal β-oxidation enzymes

Peroxisomal proteins in rat gametes

ARF- and coatomer-mediated peroxisomal vesiculation

Protein translocation across the peroxisomal membrane

Inhibition of Lymphoma Cell Proliferation by Peroxisomal Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Ligands via Wnt Signaling Pathway

Peroxisomal proliferation induced by treatment with clofibrate in a patient with a peroxisomal disease

Circadian rhythm entrainment in flies and mammals

Transport of peroxisomal proteins synthesized as large precursors in plants

In silicio search for genes encoding peroxisomal proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Peroxisomal lipid degradation via β-and α-oxidation in Mammals