NDLI: Phase Transformation and Morphology of Calcium Phosphate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition Process Through Alkali Treatment and Calcination

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Chen, Hui Ting Wang, Moo Chin Chang, Kuo Ming Wang, Szu Hao Shih, Wei Jen Li, Wong Long
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The phase transformation and morphology of calcium phosphate prepared by the electrochemical deposition (ECD) process through alkali treatment and calcination have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At the ECD process, when the excess OH$^{−}$ was produced, the reaction of 10Ca$^{2+}$+6PO 4 3− +2OH–→Ca$_{10}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$(OH)$_{2}$ takes place on the Ti-6Al-4V and the HA is deposited. The XRD results reveal that the as-deposit was mostly composed of dicalcium phosphate dehydrate (Ca$_{2}$H$_{4}$P$_{2}$O$_{9}$; DCPD) and the minor phase of hydroxyapatite (Ca$_{10}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$(OH)$_{2}$; HA). After NaOH treatment, all DCPD were converted to HA. Moreover, the content of HA phase increases with ECD potential. After being calcined at 673 K and 873 K (400 °C and 600 °C) for 4 hours, the phase of HA maintained the major phase for an alkali-treated deposited sample. After being calcined at 1073 K (800 °C) for 4 hours, some HA decomposed and caused the minor phases of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca$_{3}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{2}$; β-TCP), calcium pyrophosphate (Ca$_{2}$P$_{2}$O$_{7}$; CPP), and calcium oxide (CaO) formation. The β-TCP becomes the major phase with residual HA and CaO after being calcined at 1273 K (1000 °C) for 4 hours. The crack forms due to the release of absorbed water from the interior to top surface of sample. For the as-alkali treatment samples, the microstructures were affected by ECD potentials; when the deposited samples after alkali treatment and calcined at 1073 K (800 °C) for 4 hours, the microstructure presents the need-like “preforming HA” (pre-HA) from the matrix of plate-like postforming HA (post-HA).
Starting Page	2260
Ending Page	2269
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10735623
Journal	Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A
Volume Number	45
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15431940
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2013-11-20
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Metallic Materials Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Structural Materials Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Nanotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Mechanics of Materials Metals and Alloys Condensed Matter Physics

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