NDLI: Characterization and source identification of trace elements in airborne particulates at urban and suburban atmospheres of Tabriz, Iran

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gholampour, Akbar Nabizadeh, Ramin Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh Taghipour, Hasan Rafee, Mohammad Alizadeh, Zahra Faridi, Sasan Mahvi, Amir Hossein
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Concentration of particulate matter (PM$_{10}$ and total suspended particulate (TSP)) and their elemental constituents were measured to identify the major sources of elements in urban and industrial suburban sites in Tabriz, Iran, from September 2012 to June 2013. TSP and PM$_{10}$ samples were collected using high-volume samplers. Concentrations of 31 elements in aerosols and crustal soil were determined by ICPMS. The most abundant detected metals in the urban sampling sites were Al (217.5–4019.9 ng m$^{−3}$), Fe (272.5–7658.0 ng m$^{−3}$), Pt (4.7–1994.4 ng m$^{−3}$), and P (13.6–2054.8 ng m$^{−3}$( for TSP and Al (217.6–3687.3 ng m$^{−3}$), Fe (197.1–3724.9 ng m$^{−3}$), Pt (65.9–2054.5 ng m$^{−3}$), and P (11.0–756.6 ng m$^{−3}$( for PM$_{10}$. In the suburban sampling site, the most abundant detected metals were Al (2083.0–9664.0 ng m$^{−3}$), Fe (360.0–7221.5 ng m$^{−3}$), P (229.4–870.5 ng m$^{−3}$), and Ti (137.3–849.7 ng m$^{−3}$) for TSP and Al (218.5–4179.6 ng m$^{−3}$), Fe (106.3–2005.1 ng m$^{−3}$), P (251.9–908.4 ng m$^{−3}$), and Ba (10.6–584.9 ng m$^{−3}$) for PM$_{10}$. For the crustal soil, the most abundant detected elements included Al (60,088–60,694 ppm), Fe (19,886–20,474 ppm), Ti (894–3481 ppm), and Si (365–4246 ppm). Key emission sources were identified, and the concentrations contributed from individual sources were estimated. Enrichment factor (EF) explaining a preponderance of the variance in the data was applied to the datasets. EF calculations revealed that non-crustal trace elements were more enriched in the urban than suburban sampling sites. Results of the factor analysis on the elements showed that emissions from road traffic (involving oil and fuel combustions by vehicles, platinum group elements from vehicle exhaust, and resuspension of particulate matter from polluted soil) and construction dust from nearby construction sites and electricity generation plant were the major contributors of anthropogenic metals at ambient atmosphere in Tabriz. Results of this study elucidated the need for developing pollution control strategy, especially vehicle exhaust control, and creating green spaces around the city.
Starting Page	1703
Ending Page	1713
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09441344
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume Number	23
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	16147499
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-09-22
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Particulate matter Metals PCA Source apportionment Tabriz Environment Environmental Chemistry Ecotoxicology Environmental Health Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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