NDLI: Does the exposure mode to ENPs influence their toxicity to aquatic species? A case study with TiO$

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Salieri, Beatrice Pasteris, Andrea Baumann, Jonas Righi, Serena Köser, Jan D’Amato, Rosaria Mazzesi, Benedetta Filser, Juliane
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Recent studies suggest that the ecotoxicity of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is dependent upon the treatment of ENPs in suspensions (e.g. sonication or use of solvents) and on the mode of exposure to test organisms. We conducted several bioassays with Daphnia magna in order to determine how adverse effects of TiO$_{2}$ nanoparticles (n-TiO$_{2}$) are influenced by experimental set-up. Several treatments were applied, including three test media, several treatments of n-TiO$_{2}$ suspensions (stirring, sonication) and different exposure modes (exposure duration and volume of test suspension). No adverse effects were observed when D. magna were exposed to 50 mL of suspension, regardless of TiO$_{2}$ concentration (up to 250 mg/L) and exposure duration. Conversely, adverse effects were observed when D. magna were exposed to 2 mL of suspension for 96 h with a 50 % effect concentration EC$_{50}$ values ranging from 32 mg/L to 82 mg/L. Test media had no significant influence on the outcome of all treatments. For a better mechanistic understanding of the experimental set-up at which adverse effects were observed, the particle size of n-TiO$_{2}$ in the test media was characterized throughout the test duration. These measurements revealed a fast and strong agglomeration with a secondary particle size in the order of magnitude of micrometers. Our study describes how the effects of n-TiO$_{2}$ on D .magna are influenced by the duration of exposure and volume of media, highlighting the need for standardization of experimental methods.
Starting Page	5050
Ending Page	5058
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09441344
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume Number	22
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	16147499
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-01-09
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ecotoxicity test Nanoparticle Exposure mode Titanium dioxide nanoparticles Daphnia magna Environment Environmental Chemistry Ecotoxicology Environmental Health Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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