NDLI: Diadenosine tetraphosphate contributes to carbachol-induced tear secretion

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fonseca, Begoña Martínez Águila, Alejandro Díaz Hernández, Miguel Pintor, Jesús
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The purpose of this study is to investigate if the cholinergic stimulation by carbachol on tear secretion is a direct process or if it is also mediated by purinergic mechanisms. Experiments were performed in New Zealand male rabbits. The amount of tear secretion was measured with Schirmer’s test and then analyzed by a HPLC protocol in order to study the nucleotide levels. Animal eyes were instilled with carbachol (a cholinergic agonist), pirenzepine, gallamine and 4-DAMP (muscarinic antagonists), PPADS, suramin and reactive blue 2 (purinergic antagonists), and a P2Y$_{2}$ receptor small interfering RNA (siRNA). Tear secretion increased with the instillation of carbachol, approximately 84 % over control values 20 min after the instillation and so did Ap$_{4}$A and ATP release. When we applied carbachol in the presence of muscarinic antagonists, tear volume only increased to 4 % with atropine, 12 % in the case of pirenzepine, 3 % with gallamine, and 8 % with 4-DAMP. In the presence of carbachol and purinergic antagonists, tear secretion was increased to 12 % (all values compared to basal tear secretion). By analyzing tear secretion induced with carbachol in presence of a P2Y$_{2}$ receptor siRNA, we found that tear secretion was diminished to 60 %. The inhibition of tear secretion in the presence of carbachol and purinergic antagonists or P2Y$_{2}$ siRNA occurred with no apparent change in the tear amount of Ap$_{4}$A. These experiments demonstrated the participation of Ap$_{4}$A in lacrimal secretion process.
Starting Page	87
Ending Page	93
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15739538
Journal	Purinergic Signalling
Volume Number	11
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15739546
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-11-15
Publisher Institution	International Purine Club
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Carbachol Purinergic Nucleotides Tear secretion P2Y Biomedicine general Pharmacology/Toxicology Human Physiology Neurosciences Cancer Research
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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