NDLI: Changes in Rainwater pH associated with Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide after the Industrial Revolution

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bogan, Robert A. J. Ohde, Shigeru Arakaki, Takeshi Mori, Ikuko McLeod, Cameron W.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	This paper examines the historical change in the pH of natural rainwater due to increased atmospheric CO$_{2}$ from 1800 until 2007, giving predicted change in 2100. During 1800–2007, the rainwater pH at 25°C and 1 atm is calculated to decrease by 0.06 units, from 5.68 to 5.62. In 2100, the predicted rainwater pH is calculated at 5.49 using the projected pCO$_{2}$ (700 ppmv; IS92a) at 25°C and 1 atm. Equilibrium calculations were made in an attempt to elucidate the calcium carbonate (calcite) dissolution by rainwater. From 1800 to 2007, the dissolution of calcite with pCO$_{2}$ of those time at 25°C and 1 atm increase the dissolved calcium concentration from 466 to 516 μmol kg$^{−1}$. This value is calculated to reach 633 μmol kg$^{−1}$ in the year 2100. Rainwater is found to become more acidic with decreasing temperature. In the year 2007 (pCO$_{2}$ = 384 ppmv), a total difference of 0.08 units in rainwater pH is calculated between areas at 0°C and 30°C. The equilibrium pH with respect to calcite was found to increase with decreasing temperature. At lower temperatures, rainwater pH is found to decrease, whilst CaCO$_{3}$ dissolution increases. Limestone landmarks and buildings might be affected through the dissolution of calcium carbonate by rainwater acidification. The effects of rainwater acidification on overall chemical weathering may result in influences on agriculture, forestry, landslides and flooding.
Starting Page	263
Ending Page	271
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	196
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2008-07-18
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Acid rain pH Limestone Carbon dioxide Carbonate dissolution Hydrogeology Terrestrial Pollution Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Environment
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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