NDLI: Influence of Watershed Topography on the Chemistry of Stream Water in a Mountainous Area

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Tanaka, Motoki Suzuki, Keisuke
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	The relation among the mean slope angle of a watershed, the stream water quality, and the chemical composition of the plagioclase component of granite was examined for 17 watersheds located in the southern part of the Northern Japan Alps in central Japan. The 17 watersheds were mainly composed of the granite. The ionic composition of the stream water can be classified into two patterns: the Ca–HCO$_{3}$-type and the Ca·Na–HCO$_{3}$-type. In all the watersheds, Na$^{+}$ and Ca$^{2+}$ occur in the groundwater that flows into the stream mainly due to the kaolinization of plagioclase. As compared to the watersheds with Ca–HCO$_{3}$-type stream water, the Na$^{+}$/Ca$^{2+}$ ratio for stream water in watersheds with Ca·Na–HCO$_{3}$-type stream water was closer to that for plagioclase in granite. This implies that the groundwater flowing in the Ca·Na–HCO$_{3}$-type watersheds is deeper than that in the Ca–HCO$_{3}$-type watersheds. The mean slope angle of Ca·Na–HCO$_{3}$-type watersheds was less acute as compared to that of Ca–HCO$_{3}$-type watersheds. The mean slope angle of the watersheds is negatively correlated with the Na$^{+}$/Ca$^{2+}$ ratio for stream water (r = −0.78, P ≤ 0.001). It is suggested that the groundwater quality at greater depths, which is comparable with the Na/Ca ratio of plagioclase, contributes more to the stream water quality in the gently sloping watersheds than in the steep watersheds. This study clarified that there is a close relation between the mean slope angle of watersheds and the depth of groundwater discharged to the stream. Moreover, it is believed that the relationship between the mean slope angle of watersheds and the Na$^{+}$/Ca$^{2+}$ ratio for stream water is an effective and simple index for understanding the relative depth of groundwater.
Starting Page	321
Ending Page	331
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	196
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2008-07-23
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Stream water quality Mean slope angle of the watershed Granite Chemical composition of plagioclase Hydrogeology Terrestrial Pollution Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Environment
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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