NDLI: Silibinin Inhibits Glioma Cell Proliferation via Ca$^{2+}$/ROS/MAPK-Dependent Mechanism In Vitro and Glioma Tumor Growth In Vivo

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kim, Kwang Won Choi, Chang Hwa Kim, Thae Hyun Kwon, Chae Hwa Woo, Jae Suk Kim, Yong Keun
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Anticancer activity of silibinin, a flavonoid, has been demonstrated in various cancer cell types. However, the underlying mechanism and in vivo efficacy in glioma were not elucidated. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of silibinin on glioma cell proliferation in vitro and to examine whether silibinin inhibits tumor growth in vivo. Silibinin resulted in inhibition of proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was largely attributed to cell death. Silibinin induced a transient increase in intracellular Ca$^{2+}$ followed by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The silibinin-induced cell death was prevented by EGTA, calpain inhibitor and antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine and Trolox). Western blot analysis showed that silibinin also induced ROS-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38 kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Inhibitors of these kinases prevented the silibinin-induced cell death. Silibinin caused caspase activation and the silibinin-induced cell death was prevented by caspase inhibitors. Glioma cell migration was also decreased by silibinin treatment. Oral administration of silibinin in animals with subcutaneous U87MG glioma cells reduced tumor volume. Subsequent tumor tissue analysis showed a decrease in Ki-67 positive cells, an increase in TUNEL-positive cells, and caspase activation. These results indicate that silibinin induces a caspase-dependent cell death via Ca$^{2+}$/ROS/MAPK-mediated pathway in vitro and inhibits glioma growth in vivo. These data suggest that silibinin may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for malignant human gliomas.
Starting Page	1479
Ending Page	1490
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	34
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2009-03-05
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Silibinin Apoptosis Ca$^{2+}$ Reactive oxygen species MAPKs In vivo anticancer efficacy Neurology Biochemistry Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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