NDLI: Workplace performance of a loose-fitting powered air purifying respirator during nanoparticle synthesis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Koivisto, Antti J. Aromaa, Mikko Koponen, Ismo K. Fransman, Wouter Jensen, Keld A. Mäkelä, Jyrki M. Hämeri, Kaarle J.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Nanoparticle (particles with diameter ≤100 nm) exposure is recognized as a potentially harmful size fraction for pulmonary particle exposure. During nanoparticle synthesis, the number concentrations in the process room may exceed 10 × 10$^{6}$ cm$^{−3}$. During such conditions, it is essential that the occupants in the room wear highly reliable high-performance respirators to prevent inhalation exposure. Here we have studied the in-use program protection factor (PPF) of loose-fitting powered air purifying respirators, while workers were coating components with TiO$_{2}$ or Cu$_{ x }$O$_{ y }$ nanoparticles under a hood using a liquid flame spray process. The PPF was measured using condensation particle counters, an electrical low pressure impactor, and diffusion chargers. The room particle concentrations varied from 4 × 10$^{6}$ to 40 × 10$^{6}$ cm$^{−3}$, and the count median aerodynamic diameter ranged from 32 to 180 nm. Concentrations inside the respirator varied from 0.7 to 7.2 cm$^{−3}$. However, on average, tidal breathing was assumed to increase the respirator concentration by 2.3 cm$^{−3}$. The derived PPF exceeded 1.1 × 10$^{6}$, which is more than 40 × 10$^{3}$ times the respirator assigned protection factor. We were unable to measure clear differences in the PPF of respirators with old and new filters, among two male and one female user, or assess most penetrating particle size. This study shows that the loose-fitting powered air purifying respirator provides very efficient protection against nanoparticle inhalation exposure if used properly.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	10
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13880764
Journal	Journal of Nanoparticle Research
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	1572896X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2015-04-09
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Air purifying respirator Protection factor Respirator performance Occupational safety Filtration Aerosol Nanotechnology Inorganic Chemistry Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Physical Chemistry Optics, Optoelectronics, Plasmonics and Optical Devices
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Condensed Matter Physics Bioengineering Modeling and Simulation

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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