NDLI: Characterization of surface oxide films on titanium and bioactivity

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Feng, B. Chen, J. Y. Qi, S. K. He, L. Zhao, J. Z. Zhang, X. D.
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	Biological properties of titanium implant depend on its surface oxide film. In the present study, the surface oxide films on titanium were characterized and the relationship between the characterization and bioactivity of titanium was studied. The surface oxide films on titanium were obtained by heat-treatment in different oxidation atmospheres, such as air, oxygen and water vapor. The bioactivity of heat-treated titanium plates was investigated by immersion test in a supersaturated calcium phosphate solution. The surface roughness, energy morphology, chemical composition and crystal structure were used to characterize the titanium surfaces. The characterization was performed using profilometer, scanning electronic microscopy, ssesile drop method, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, common Bragg X-ray diffraction and sample tilting X-ray diffraction. Percentage of surface hydroxyl groups was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis for titanium plates and density of surface hydroxyl groups was measured by chemical method for titanium powders. The results indicated that heat-treatment uniformly roughened the titanium surface and increased surface energy. After heat-treatment the surface titanium oxide was predominantly rutile TiO$_{2}$, and crystal planes in the rutile films preferentially orientated in (1 1 0) plane with the highest density of titanium ions. Heat-treatment increased the amount of surface hydroxyl groups on titanium. The different oxidation atmospheres resulted in different percentages of oxygen species in TiO$_{2}$, in physisorbed water and acidic hydroxyl groups, and in basic hydroxyl groups on the titanium surfaces. The immersion test in the supersaturated calcium phosphate solution showed that apatite spontaneously formed on to the rutile films. This revealed that rutile could be bioactivated. The analyses for the apatite coatings confirmed that the surface characterization of titanium has strong effect on bioactivity of titanium. The bioactivity of the rutile films on titanium was related not only to their surface basic hydroxyl groups, but also to acidic hydroxyl groups, and surface energy. Heat-treatment endowed titanium with bioactivity by increasing the amount of surface hydroxyl groups on titanium and its surface energy.
Starting Page	457
Ending Page	464
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09574530
Journal	Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
Volume Number	13
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15734838
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2002-01-01
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Biotechnology Polymer Sciences Characterization and Evaluation Materials
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomaterials Biophysics Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering

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