NDLI: Genetic changes in durum wheat yield components and associated traits in Italian and Spanish varieties during the 20th century

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Royo, Conxita Álvaro, Fanny Martos, Vanessa Ramdani, Abdelhamid Isidro, Julio Villegas, Dolors García del Moral, Luis F.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Twelve field experiments comparing 24 durum wheat varieties from three periods—old (<1945), intermediate (1950–1985) and modern (1988–2000)—were carried out in order to ascertain the advances made in durum wheat yield components and related traits in Italian and Spanish germplasm. Grain yield improvements were based on linear increases in the number of grains per m2 and harvest index, while grain weight and biomass remained unchanged. Yield per plant increased at a rate of 0.36 and 0.44% y−1 and the number of grains per m2 improved by 39% and 55% in Italian and Spanish varieties, respectively. The mean rate of increase in the number of grains per m2 was 0.55% y−1. Plants per m2, spikes per plant and grains per spike contributed 20%, 29% and 51%, respectively, to the increase in the number of grains per m2. The enhance of the number of grains per m2 was due to the greater grain set in the modern varieties, since the number of spikelets per spike remained unchanged. Harvest index increased overall by 0.48% y−1 (0.40 and 0.53% y−1 in Italian and Spanish varieties, respectively). Plant height was the trait that suffered the most dramatic changes (it decreased at a rate of −0.81% y−1, with little difference between the varieties of the two countries), as consequence of the presence of the Rht-B1 dwarfing gene. Harvest index and plant height, which were the traits that most contributed to discriminating between periods, remained unchanged from 1980 to 2000. The higher rates of improvement in Spain are discussed in the context of the contrasting strategies followed to improve durum wheat yield in the two countries.
Starting Page	259
Ending Page	270
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00142336
Journal	Euphytica
Volume Number	155
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	15735060
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-12-21
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Genetic gains Grains per unit area Harvest index Grain weight Biomass Plant height Rht-B1 Ecology Plant Sciences Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Plant Science Horticulture Agronomy and Crop Science

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