NDLI: Pesticide occurrence and aquatic benchmark exceedances in urban surface waters and sediments in three urban areas of California, USA, 2008

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ensminger, Michael P. Budd, Robert Kelley, Kevin C. Goh, Kean S.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Urban pesticide use has a direct impact on surface water quality. To determine the extent of pesticide contamination, the California Department of Pesticide Regulation initiated a multi-area urban monitoring program in 2008. Water and sediment samples were collected at sites unaffected by agricultural inputs in three areas: Sacramento (SAC), San Francisco Bay (SFB), and Orange County (OC). Samples were analyzed for up to 64 pesticides or degradates. Multiple detections were common; 50 % of the water samples contained five or more pesticides. Statewide, the most frequently detected insecticides in water were bifenthrin, imidacloprid, fipronil, fipronil sulfone, fipronil desulfinyl, carbaryl, and malathion. Bifenthrin was the most common contaminant in sediment samples. Key differences by area: OC had more pesticides detected than SAC or SFB with higher concentrations of fipronil, whereas SAC had higher concentrations of bifenthrin. The most frequently detected herbicides were 2,4-D, triclopyr, dicamba, diuron, and pendimethalin. Key differences by area: OC and SFB had higher concentrations of triclopyr, whereas SAC had higher concentrations of 2,4-D and dicamba. Detection frequency, number of pesticides per sample, and pesticide concentration increased during rainstorm events. In water samples, all of the bifenthrin, malathion, fipronil, permethrin, and λ-cyhalothrin detections, and most of the fipronil sulfone and cyfluthrin detections were above their lowest US EPA aquatic benchmark. Diuron was the only herbicide that was detected above its lowest benchmark. Based on the number of pesticides and exceedances of aquatic benchmarks or the high number of sediment toxicity units, pesticides are abundant in California surface waters.
Starting Page	3697
Ending Page	3710
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01676369
Journal	Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Volume Number	185
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15732959
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-08-17
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Urban runoff Bifenthrin Fipronil Imidacloprid Aquatic benchmark Sediment TU Environmental Monitoring/Analysis Environmental Management Ecotoxicology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Medicine Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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