NDLI: Evolutionary insights into the role of the essential centromere protein CAL1 in Drosophila

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Phansalkar, Ragini Lapierre, Pascal Mellone, Barbara G.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Centromeres are essential cis-elements on chromosomes that are crucial for the stable transmission of genetic information during mitotic and meiotic cell divisions. Different species employ a variety of centromere configurations, from small genetically defined centromeres in budding yeast to holocentric centromeres that occupy entire chromosomes in Caenorhabditis, yet the incorporation of nucleosomes containing the essential centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-A is a common feature of centromeres in all eukaryotes. In vertebrates and fungi, CENP-A is specifically deposited at centromeres by a conserved chaperone, called HJURP or Scm3, respectively. Surprisingly, homologs of these proteins have not been identified in Drosophila, Caenorhabditis, or plants. How CENP-A is targeted to centromeres in these organisms is not known. The Drosophila centromeric protein CAL1, found only in the Diptera genus, is essential for CENP-A localization, is recruited to centromeres at a similar time as CENP-A, and interacts with CENP-A in both chromatin and pre-nucleosomal complexes, making it a strong candidate for a CENP-A chaperone in this lineage. Here, we discuss the conservation and evolution of this essential centromere factor and report the identification of a “Scm3-domain”-like region with similarity to the corresponding region of fungal Scm3 as well as a shared predicted alpha-helical structure. Given the lack of common ancestry between Scm3 and CAL1, we propose that an optimal CENP-A binding region was independently acquired by CAL1, which caused the loss of an ancestral Scm3 protein from the Diptera lineage.
Starting Page	493
Ending Page	504
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09673849
Journal	Chromosome Research
Volume Number	20
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15736849
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-07-21
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Centromere chromosome mitosis meiotic drive kinetochore CENP-A CAL1 CID histone variants chromatin Animal Genetics and Genomics Cell Biology Plant Genetics & Genomics Human Genetics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics

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