NDLI: Pharmacological strategies to spare normal tissues from radiation damage: useless or overlooked therapeutics?

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bourgier, Céline Levy, Antonin Vozenin, Marie Catherine Deutsch, Eric
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Half of all the patients with a solid malignant tumor will receive radiation therapy (RT) with a curative or palliative intent during the course of their treatment. Deleterious effects may result in acute and chronic toxicities that reduce the long-term health-related quality of life of these patients. High-tech RT enables precise beam delivery that conforms closely to the shape of tumors yielding an improved efficacy/toxicity ratio. However, sophisticated RT will not completely prevent toxicity in the irradiated field, especially as normal tissue constraints are offset by dose escalation or concurrent chemotherapy. Pharmacological agents can be used before or after RT to reduce side effects and are classified based on the timing of RT delivery. “Radioprotectors,” used as a molecular prophylactic strategy before RT, are mostly based on antioxidant properties. Currently, amifostine is the only radioprotector approved for use in the clinic. “Mitigators,” given during or shortly after RT, reduce the action of cellular ionizing radiation on normal tissues before the emergence of symptoms. Lastly, a “treatment” is the administration of an agent once symptoms have developed in order to reverse those that are mostly due to fibrosis. This review presents the major known physiopathological mechanisms involved in radiation response and tissue damage for which potential pharmacological candidates are emerging. We discuss the potential clinical relevance of such therapeutics in the era of high-precision radiotherapy.
Starting Page	699
Ending Page	712
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01677659
Journal	Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
Volume Number	31
Issue Number	3-4
e-ISSN	15737233
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-06-16
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Radioprotection Mitigation Treatment Radiation therapy Antioxidants Fibrosis Biomedicine general Oncology Cancer Research
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Oncology

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