NDLI: Obscure etiology, unusual disparity: the epidemiology of testicular cancer in New Zealand

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gurney, Jason K. Sarfati, Diana Stanley, James
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Testicular cancer (TC) remains perplexing, both in terms of what causes the disease and why certain populations are at greater risk of developing it. In New Zealand, an unusual ethnic disparity exists, whereby the indigenous Māori population suffer the highest rates of disease. In this study, we further describe the epidemiology of TC in the New Zealand context.Eligible patients diagnosed with TC between 2000 and 2011 (n = 1,800) were determined from the NZ Cancer Registry and linked to mortality data. Census data were used to estimate population incidence of TC and tumor sub-type by ethnic group. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to compare survival between ethnic groups.Māori males aged 15–44 were 80 % more likely to be diagnosed with TC compared to European/Other males [age-standardized relative risk (RR) 1.80, 95 % CI 1.58–2.05]. By contrast, disease burden was comparatively low among Pacific and Asian populations. Māori had a greater incidence of both seminoma (RR 1.88, 95 % CI 1.52–2.22) and non-seminoma (RR 1.67, 95 % CI 1.35–2.07) germ cell tumors than the European/Other population, reducing the likelihood that our observed disparity is driven by differential propensity to one given sub-type among Māori. Māori had poorer survival outcomes [cancer-specific adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.29, 95 % CI 1.14–4.59] than the European/Other population.Understanding the drivers of New Zealand’s unusual incidence disparities—particularly between Māori and Pacific—could further our understanding of the key exposures involved in TC etiology.
Starting Page	561
Ending Page	569
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09575243
Journal	Cancer Causes & Control
Volume Number	26
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15737225
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2015-02-17
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Testicular cancer Epidemiology Cancer epidemiology Ethnic disparity Survival Cancer Research Biomedicine general Oncology Public Health Hematology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Oncology

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