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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Webb, R. E. Venables, L. Thorpe, K. W. |
| Copyright Year | 1997 |
| Abstract | Rearing and release procedures forCotesia melanoscela (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an early-season parasitoid ofLymantria dispar (L.), were evaluated in 1995 and 1996 at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, USA. Mass rearing procedures were developed during the winter/spring of 1995/1996 to produce diapausingC. melanoscela cocoons for experimentation. Program efficiency as measured by percent adult emergence was estimated to be 84% with a measured sex ratio of 48:52 M:F, at an estimated cost per 1 000 cocoons of U.S. $5.26 for materials and a labor requirement of approximately 6 hours. A host larvae:female parasitoid ratio of 100:1 was found to be most efficient in terms of number of parasitoid cocoons produced per female parasitoid, but a ratio of 100:2 was most efficient in terms of number of cocoons per rearing cup. OverwinteringC. melanoscela cocoons under natural conditions for 25 weeks (November placements) before expectedL. dispar egg hatch (mid-April) resulted in excellent synchrony with host egg hatch. Alternatively, holdingC. melanoscela cocoons in cold storage for 23 or more weeks at 5°C resulted in adult parasitoid emergence beginning 10 days after removal from cold storage, and proper timing of removal would result in similar synchrony of adult emergence with host egg hatch. These alternative release strategies give managers increased program flexibility.Les méthodes de production et de lâcher deCotesia melanoscela, parasite de début de saison deLymantria dispar, ont été évaluées en 1995 et 1996 au Centre de Recherches en Agriculture de Beltsville (Maryland, USA). Une production de masse de cocons diapausants deC. melanoscela, destinée à l’expérimentation a été réalisée pendant l’hiver et le printemps 1995/1996. Le résultat de ce programme a été évalué par le taux d’émergence des adultes estimé à 84% avec une sex ratio mesurée de 48:52 M:F, à un coût estimé de 5,26 US$ pour 1 000 cocons et approximativement 6 heures de travail. Le taux de 100 larves d’hôtes par femelle de parasitoïde a été considéré comme le plus efficace en terme de production de cocons de parasitoïdes par les femelles mais un taux de 100 pour 2 donnait de meilleurs résultats en termes de nombre de cocons par unité d’élevage. Les cocons hivernant deC. melanoscela ont été placés en conditions naturelles pendant 25 semaines (mis en place en novembre) dans l’attente d’une éclosion des oeufs deL. dispar mi-avril; le synchronisme avec l’éclosion de l’hôte a été excellent. Par ailleurs le maintien des cocons deC. melanoscela au froid à 5°C pendant 3 semaines ou plus a abouti à l’émergence des parasitoïdes adultes 10 jours après leur sortie de stockage; l’arrêt du stockage à une date convenable aurait abouti à un aussi bon synchronisme de l’émergence des adultes avec l’éclosion de l’hôte. Ces deux stratégies de lâcher interchangeables donnent plus de flexibilité aux responsables du programme. |
| Starting Page | 471 |
| Ending Page | 481 |
| Page Count | 11 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00138959 |
| Journal | BioControl |
| Volume Number | 42 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| e-ISSN | 15738248 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | Springer Netherlands |
| Publisher Date | 1997-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | Dordrecht |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | parasitoid-rearing gypsy moth parasitoid augmentation Entomology Plant Pathology Agriculture Animal Ecology Animal Biochemistry Behavioural Sciences |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Plant Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
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