NDLI: Applications of Control Theory to the Dynamics and Propagation of Cardiac Action Potentials

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Applications of Control Theory to the Dynamics and Propagation of Cardiac Action Potentials

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Muñoz, Laura M. Stockton, Jonathan F. Otani, Niels F.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Sudden cardiac arrest is a widespread cause of death in the industrialized world. Most cases of sudden cardiac arrest are due to ventricular fibrillation (VF), a lethal cardiac arrhythmia. Electrophysiological abnormalities such as alternans (a beat-to-beat alternation in action potential duration) and conduction block have been suspected to contribute to the onset of VF. This study focuses on the use of control-systems techniques to analyze and design methods for suppressing these precursor factors. Control-systems tools, specifically controllability analysis and Lyapunov stability methods, were applied to a two-variable Karma model of the action-potential (AP) dynamics of a single cell, to analyze the effectiveness of strategies for suppressing AP abnormalities. State-feedback-integral (SFI) control was then applied to a Purkinje fiber simulated with the Karma model, where only one stimulating electrode was used to affect the system. SFI control converted both discordant alternans and 2:1 conduction block back toward more normal patterns, over a wider range of fiber lengths and pacing intervals compared with a Pyragas-type chaos controller. The advantages conferred by using feedback from multiple locations in the fiber, and using integral (i.e., memory) terms in the controller, are discussed.
Starting Page	2865
Ending Page	2876
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00906964
Journal	Annals of Biomedical Engineering
Volume Number	38
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	15739686
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2010-04-21
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Alternans Conduction block Purkinje fiber Controllability Stability Lyapunov methods State feedback Proportional integral control Biochemistry Mechanics Biophysics and Biological Physics Biomedical Engineering Biomedicine general
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomedical Engineering

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