NDLI: Geological controls and effects of floodplain asymmetry on river–groundwater interactions in the southeastern Coastal Plain, USA

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	O’Driscoll, Michael Johnson, Patrick Mallinson, David
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Channel sediment and alluvial aquifer hydraulic properties exert a major control on river–groundwater interactions. Channels and floodplains are often asymmetrical, resulting in differences in sediment hydraulic properties across the river. Floodplain asymmetry is common along Coastal Plain rivers in South Carolina and North Carolina, USA. The Tar River, North Carolina, has an asymmetrical valley. The study objective was to characterize the effects of floodplain asymmetry and geological controls on river–groundwater interactions. Floodplain and river channel sediments adjacent to the river were characterized with split spoon cores and hand auger samples along a 22-km reach. Hydrogeology was characterized with 38 piezometers and water level recorders in and adjacent to the river. Ground penetrating radar was used to define the shallow stratigraphy. Channel sediments were significantly different between the north and south sides of the river. Hydraulic conductivity and groundwater inputs were greater on the side of the river (north) that contained more permeable fluvial deposits. Groundwater chemistry (δ$^{18}$O, specific conductance) data also suggested greater exchange between surface water and groundwater on the north side of the river channel. A conceptual hydrogeological model illustrates that groundwater movement and contaminant transport to the river differs across the channel due to asymmetrical geology.Propriétés des sédiments du lit mineur et caractéristiques hydrauliques de l’aquifère alluvial exercent un contrôle majeur sur les interactions rivière–nappe. Lit mineur et lit majeur sont souvent asymétriques en raison de différences entre les caractéristiques hydrauliques des sédiments de part et d’autre de la rivière. L’asymétrie du lit majeur est commune le long des rivières de la Costal Plain, Caroline du Sud et Caroline du Nord, USA. La rivière Tar, Caroline du Nord, a une vallée asymétrique. L’objectif de l’étude était de caractériser les effets de l’asymétrie du lit majeur et des contrôles géologiques sur les interactions rivière–nappe. Les sédiments du lit majeur et des berges ont été analysés sur carottes tube fendu et prélèvements à la tarière à bras suivant un profil de 22 km. L’hydrogéologie a été caractérisée avec 38 limnimètres et piézomètres implantés à proximité de la rivière. L’imagerie radar a été utilisée pour définir la stratigraphie de sub-surface. Les sédiments des berges Nord et Sud de la rivière diffèrent sensiblement. Conductivité hydraulique et recharge sont plus grandes côté Nord, qui présente plus de dépôts fluviaux perméables. La géochimie de nappe (δ$^{18}$O, conductivité spécifique) suggère aussi un plus grand échange eau de surface-eau de nappe sur la rive Nord. Un modèle hydrogéologique conceptuel montre qu’écoulement de nappe et apport de polluant à la rivière diffèrent de part et d’autre du lit mineur en raison d’une géologie asymétrique.Los sedimentos del cauce y las propiedades hidráulicas del acuífero aluvial ejercen un control predominante sobre las interacciones río–agua subterránea. Los cauces y las planicies de inundación son a menudo asimétricas, lo que resulta en diferencias en las propiedades hidráulicas de los sedimentos a través del río. La asimetría de la planicie de inundación es común a lo largo de los ríos de la Coastal Plain en Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte, EEUU. El río Tar, Carolina del Norte, tiene un valle asimétrico. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar los efectos de la asimetría de la planicie de inundación y los controles geológicos sobre las interacciones río–agua subterránea. La planicie de inundación y los sedimentos del cauce adyacente al río fueron caracterizados con testigos de cuchara seccionados y muestras de barrenos manuales a lo largo de un tramo de 22 km. La hidrogeología fue caracterizada con 38 piezómetros y registradores de niveles de agua dentro del río y en sus adyacencias. El georradar fue usado para definir la estratigrafía somera. Los sedimentos de los cauces fueron significativamente diferentes entre los márgenes norte y sur del río. La conductividad hidráulica y la entrada de agua subterránea fueron mayores en la margen del río (norte) que contenía depósitos fluviales más permeables. Los datos químicos de agua subterránea (δ$^{18}$O, conductividad específica) también sugirieron un mayor intercambio entre el agua superficial y agua subterránea en la margen norte del cauce del río. Un modelo hidrogeológico conceptual ilustra que el movimiento del agua subterránea y el transporte de contaminantes hacia el río difieren a través del cauce debido a la geología asimétrica.河道沉积物和冲积含水层的水力性质对河流–地下水的相互作用起主要控制作用. 河道和河漫滩往往是不对称的, 这导致河流横断面上沉积物的水力性质存在差异. 沿美国南卡罗莱纳州和北卡罗莱纳州滨海平原上的河流, 河漫滩普遍呈不对称形态. 北卡罗莱纳州的Tar河具有不对称型河谷. 本次研究目标是刻画河漫滩不对称性对河流–地下水相互作用的影响和地质控制作用. 在22公里河段内, 利用对开式取土器岩芯和手动螺旋钻取土器样品描述了河漫滩和河流附近的河床沉积物特征. 用38个观测井和水位计研究了河流及附近的水文地质特征. 应用地质雷达确定了浅部地层. 河流南北两侧的河道沉积物差异明显. 在沉积物渗透性较好的河流一侧(北侧), 渗透系数和地下水输入量均较大. 地下水化学数据 ($^{18}$O,电导率) 也显示河道北侧地表水和地下水之间的交换较强. 水文地质概念模型说明, 由于地质不对称性, 河流横断面上地下水和污染物向河流的运动和运移是不同的.As propriedades hidráulicas dos sedimentos de canal e do aquífero aluvial exercem um controlo elevado nas interacções rio–água subterrânea. Quer os canais, quer as planícies de inundação, são muitas vezes assimétricos, resultando em diferenças nas propriedades hidráulicas ao longo do rio. A assimetria das planícies de inundação é comum ao longo dos rios da Planície Costeira da Carolina do Sul e da Carolina do Norte, EUA. O Rio Tar, na Carolina do Norte, tem um vale assimétrico. O objectivo do estudo era a caracterização dos efeitos da assimetria da planície de inundação e do controlo geológico na interacção rio–água subterrânea. Os sedimentos da planície de inundação e do canal adjacente ao rio foram caracterizados com base em escavação com pá e em amostras obtidas com trado ao longo de um trecho de 22 km. A hidrogeologia foi caracterizada com base em 38 piezómetros e em equipamento de medição de níveis dentro e nas imediações do rio. O radar de penetração no solo foi usado para definir a estratigrafia a baixa profundidade. Os sedimentos de canal eram significativamente diferentes na margem norte e sul do rio. A condutividade hidráulica e o contributo de água subterrânea eram mais elevados no lado do rio (norte) que apresentava os depósitos fluviais mais permeáveis. Os dados químicos da água subterrânea (δ$^{18}$O, condutividade específica) sugerem também uma interacção maior entre a água superficial e a água subterrânea na parte norte do canal do rio. Um modelo hidrogeológico conceptual mostra que o movimento de água subterrânea e o transporte de contaminantes para o rio difere de um lado para o outro do canal, devido à assimetria da geologia.
Starting Page	1265
Ending Page	1279
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-03-18
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Groundwater/surface-water relations Geophysical methods Coastal aquifers Stable isotopes USA Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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