NDLI: Groundwater interaction with surface drains in the Ord River Irrigation Area, northern Australia: investigation by multiple methods

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Smith, Anthony J. Pollock, Daniel W. Palmer, Duncan
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Following 35 years of persistent groundwater rise beneath northern Ivanhoe Plain in the Ord River Irrigation Area, northern Australia, the water table appears to have stabilized near the base of the irrigation surface-drain network. Hydrometric evidence indicates that intersection of the deepest surface drains by the rising water table simultaneously reduced aquifer recharge from surface-water infiltration and increased aquifer discharge by groundwater exfiltration. Water-table analysis supports the working hypothesis that the largest irrigation drain D4 on north Ivanhoe Plain has been receiving a significant amount of groundwater discharge since the mid-1990s. The rate of groundwater discharge to surface drains on north Ivanhoe Plain was estimated to be around 15–20 million (M)L/day based on groundwater-flow modelling. Groundwater tracing using radon and electrical conductivity indicated that groundwater discharge to drain D4 was ∼6–12 ML/day in August 2007. The rate of groundwater discharge was significantly larger where the drain traverses a very-permeable sand and gravel palaeochannel. Relatively modest exfiltration rates of order of magnitude tens to hundreds of mm/day into the drain were estimated to mitigate 0.5 m/year groundwater accretion for a land area of order of magnitude hundreds to thousands of ha.Après 35 ans d’élévation continuelle de son niveau au Nord de Ivanhoe Plain, dans la zone d’irrigation Ord River, Australie du Nord, la surface libre de la nappe paraît s’être stabilisée près du soubassement du réseau des drains d’irrigation superficiels. On a la preuve hydrométrique que la rencontre de la nappe ascendante avec les drains les plus profonds a simultanément réduit l’infiltration vers l’aquifère et accru sa décharge par exfiltration. Hypothèse de travail confortée par l’analyse de la surface libre de la nappe, un volume considérable d’eau de décharge a, depuis mi-1990, alimenté le drain d’irrigation D4, le plus grand. Le taux de décharge de la nappe dans les drains de surface au Nord de Ivanhoe Plain a été estimé entre 15 et 20 million de litre par jour (M)L/jour, sur la base d’une modélisation de l’écoulement. Un traçage utilisant radon et conductivité électrique a montré que la décharge de nappe dans le drain D4 était approximativement de 6 à12 million L/jour en août 2007. Le taux de décharge de nappe était sensiblement plus grand là où le drain recoupe un paléochenal très perméable de sable et de gravier. On estime que des taux d’exfiltration dans le drain relativement modérés, de l’ordre de plusieurs dizaines à plusieurs centaines de mm/jour, ont réduit à 0.5 m/an l’augmentation de la réserve de l’aquifère sur une superficie de terrain de l’ordre de plusieurs centaines à plusieurs milliers d’ha.Después de 35 años de persistente elevación del agua subterránea debajo de la planicie norte de Ivanhoe en el área de irrigación del Río Ord, Australia del Norte, el nivel freático parece haberse estabilizado cerca de la base de la red superficial de irrigación y drenaje. La evidencia hidrométrica indica que la intersección de los drenes superficiales más profundos con el ascendente nivel freático redujo simultáneamente la recarga del acuífero a partir de la infiltración de agua superficial e incrementó la descarga del acuífero por la exfiltración del agua subterránea. El análisis de los niveles freáticos apoya las hipótesis de trabajo que el mayor dren de irrigación D4 en la planicie norte de Ivanhoe ha estado recibiendo una cantidad significativa de descarga de agua subterránea desde los mediados de 1990. El ritmo de descarga de las aguas subterráneas a los drenes superficiales en la planicie Ivanhoe norte fue estimada en alrededor de 15–20 millones (M)L/d basado en un modelo de flujo de aguas subterráneas. El seguimiento de las aguas subterráneas usando el radon y la conductividad eléctrica como trazadores indicó que la descarga de aguas subterráneas al dren D4 era aproximadamente 6–12 ML/d en agosto de 2007. El ritmo de descarga de aguas subterráneas fue significativamente mayor donde el dren atraviesa un paleocanal de arena y grava muy permeable. Se estimó que ritmos relativamente modestos de exfiltración del orden de decenas a cientos de mm/d hacia el dren mitigan 0.5 m/año de acumulación de agua subterránea para un área territorial del orden de cientos a miles de ha.摘要 : 在澳大利亚北部Ord河灌区Ivanhoe平原北部的地下水持续上升35年来, 灌区排水渠网底部附近的水位已达到稳定。水文测验表明, 最深的排水渠与上升的地下水面相交会减少地表水入渗对含水层的补给, 同时通过地下水出流增加含水层的排泄。最大的灌渠——位于Ivanhoe平原北部的D4自1990s中期以来已接受大量的地下水排泄, 这一工作假设为水位分析所支持。基于地下水流模拟算得Ivanhoe平原北部向排水渠的地下水排泄速率为15-20ML/d。氡和电阻率地下水示踪表明, 2007年8月, 向D4排水渠的地下水排泄速率约为6–12ML/d。而当排水渠横穿高渗透性砂、砾石古河道时, 地下水排泄速率要大得多。相对保守的向排水渠的地下水出流速率在几十至几百mm/d量级, 相当于削减土地面积为几百至几千公顷时0.5 m/yr的地下水储量增量Depois de 35 anos de subida persistente dos níveis de água subterrânea subjacente à Planície do Norte de Ivanhoe, na Área de Rega do Rio Ord, Norte da Austrália, o nível freático parece ter estabilizado próximo da base da rede de rega superficial por drenos. Evidências hidrométricas indicam que a intersecção dos drenos superficiais mais profundos pelo nível freático em ascensão reduziu simultaneamente a recarga do aquífero através da infiltração da água superficial e, ao mesmo tempo, aumentou a descarga do aquífero, através da exfiltração de água subterrânea. A análise do nível freático suporta a hipótese de que o maior dreno de rega D4, na Planície do Norte de Ivanhoe, tem vindo a receber uma quantidade significativa de descarga de água subterrânea desde metade dos anos 1990. A taxa de descarga subterrânea para os drenos superficiais na Planície do Norte de Ivanhoe, baseada na modelação de água subterrânea, foi estimada em cerca de 15–20 milhões de (M)L/d. A traçagem de água subterrânea, usando radão e conductividade eléctrica, indica que a descarga subterrânea para o dreno D4 era aproximadamente de 6–12 ML/d em Agosto de 2007. A taxa de descarga subterrânea era significativamente maior nas zonas onde o dreno atravessa um paleocanal muito permeável de areias e calhaus. Foram estimadas taxas de exfiltração relativamente modestas para o dreno, da ordem das dezenas a centenas de mm/d de magnitude, para mitigar a adição de 0.5 m/ano de água subterrânea para uma área da ordem das centenas a milhares de ha de magnitude.
Starting Page	1235
Ending Page	1252
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-03-27
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Groundwater/surface-water relations Salinization Radon Ord River Australia Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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