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Reconstruction of natural groundwater flow paths in the multiple aquifer system of the northern Negev (Israel), based on lithological and structural evidence

Assessing groundwater vulnerability using travel time and specific surface area as indicators

Relation between "terra rossa" from the Apulia aquifer of Italy and the radon content of groundwater: Experimental results and their applicability to radon occurrence in the aquifer

Hydrogeology Journal : Volume 6, Issue 2, August 1998

Hydrogeology Journal : Volume 6, Issue 1, June 1998

Hydrogeology Journal : Volume 5

Assessing groundwater vulnerability using travel time and specific surface area as indicators

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Maxe, Lena Johansson, Per Olof
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	A method for general assessment of groundwater vulnerability was developed using the concept of hydrogeological settings by which a small-scale landscape can be represented by larger units on the map.For accidental spills, the time available for remedial actions is crucial. Travel times to the saturated zone or to a depth of 5 m are classified in four intervals, ranging from <1 day to > 1 yr.Total particle surface available for retention of pollutants in the unsaturated zone is used as a semi-quantitative indicator of vulnerability in a long-term perspective. This indicator is classified into four intervals, ranging from <1×10$^{6}$ m$^{2}$/m$^{2}$ to >25×10$^{6}$ m$^{2}$/m$^{2}$. The quality of the surfaces is not assessed. However, the absence of an intact soil profile is estimated to result in an increase in vulnerability by one class.Application of the methodology was demonstrated in an area south of Stockholm, Sweden. The digital geological map was processed using GIS to delineate four defined hydrogeological settings and vulnerability classes. Compared with an existing vulnerability map based on stratigraphic zoning, the hydrogeological settings allow a site to be interpreted in its hydrogeological context, and the use of quantitative vulnerability indicators increase the usefulness in practical planning and management. Une méthode de définition générale de la vulnérabilité des aquifères a été développée à partir du concept hydrogéologique selon lequel un paysage à l'échelle locale peut être représenté par des unités plus larges sur une carte.Pour les pollutions accidentelles, le délai d'intervention est primordial. Les temps de séjour dans la zone saturée ou à une profondeur de 5 m sont classés en 4 catégories de moins d'un jour à plus d'un an.La surface totale de particules nécessaire à la fixation de polluants dans la zone non saturée est utilisée comme un indicateur semi-quantitatif de la vulnérabilitéà long terme. Pour cet indicateur 4 classes sont prises en considération, de moins de 1×10$^{6}$ m$^{2}$/m$^{2}$à plus de 25×10$^{1 6}$ m$^{1 2}$/m$^{1 2}$. La qualité des surfaces n'est pas prise en compte. Cependant, on estime que l'absence d'un profil de sol intact conduit à un accroissement du degré de vulnérabilité d'une classe.Cette méthodologie a été appliquée à une région au sud de Stockholm (Suède). La carte géologique digitalisée a été utilisée dans un SIG pour délimiter quatre ensembles hydrogéologiques et les classes de vulnérabilité correspondantes. Par rapport à la carte de vulnérabilité existante, basée sur un zonage stratigraphique, les entités hydrogéologiques permettent d'interpréter un site dans son contexte hydrogéologique; l'utilisation d'indicateurs quantitatifs de la vulnérabilité accroît l'utilité de la planification pratique et de la gestion. Se desarrolló un método para caracterizar la vulnerabilidad de las aguas subterráneas basado en el concepto de marcos hidrogeológicos, según el cual una zona a pequeña escala se puede representar mediante unidades mayores en un mapa.Para vertidos accidentales, el tiempo disponible para llevar a cabo las acciones de rehabilitación es crucial. Los tiempos de llegada a la zona saturada o a 5 metros de profundidad se clasifican en cuatro intervalos, desde menor de 1 día hasta mayor de 1 año.La superficie total de partículas disponibles para la retención de contaminantes en la zona no saturada se usa como un indicador semicuantitativo de la vulnerabilidad a largo plazo. Este indicador se clasifica en cuatro intervalos, desde menor de 1×10$^{6}$ m$^{2}$/m$^{2}$ hasta mayor de 25×10$^{6}$ m$^{2}$/m$^{2}$. La calidad de estas superficies no se tiene en cuenta. Sin embargo, la ausencia de un perfil de suelo intacto se estima que resulta en un incremento de la vulnerabilidad correspondiente a un salto a la clase inmediatamente superior.Se llevó a cabo una aplicación de esta metodología en un área al sur de Estocolmo, Suecia. El mapa geológico digital se procesó mediante un GIS para diferenciar cuatro marcos hidrogeológicos y clases de vulnerabilidad. Comparando con un mapa de vulnerabilidad preexistente, basado en zonificación estratigráfica, el método permite que una zona sea interpretada en su contexto hidrogeológico, y el uso de indicadores cuantitativos de vulnerabilidad incrementa la utilidad en la práctica de planificación y gestión.
Starting Page	441
Ending Page	449
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	6
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	1998-10-21
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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