NDLI: Multiple-methods investigation of recharge at a humid-region fractured rock site, Pennsylvania, USA

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Heppner, Christopher S. Nimmo, John R. Folmar, Gordon J. Gburek, William J. Risser, Dennis W.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Lysimeter-percolate and well-hydrograph analyses were combined to evaluate recharge for the Masser Recharge Site (central Pennsylvania, USA). In humid regions, aquifer recharge through an unconfined low-porosity fractured-rock aquifer can cause large magnitude water-table fluctuations over short time scales. The unsaturated hydraulic characteristics of the subsurface porous media control the magnitude and timing of these fluctuations. Data from multiple sets of lysimeters at the site show a highly seasonal pattern of percolate and exhibit variability due to both installation factors and hydraulic property heterogeneity. Individual event analysis of well hydrograph data reveals the primary influences on water-table response, namely rainfall depth, rainfall intensity, and initial water-table depth. Spatial and seasonal variability in well response is also evident. A new approach for calculating recharge from continuous water-table elevation records using a master recession curve (MRC) is demonstrated. The recharge estimated by the MRC approach when assuming a constant specific yield is seasonal to a lesser degree than the recharge estimate resulting from the lysimeter analysis. Partial reconciliation of the two recharge estimates is achieved by considering a conceptual model of flow processes in the highly-heterogeneous underlying fractured porous medium.Les analyses des percolats de lysimètres et d’hydrogrammes de puits ont été combinées pour évaluer la recharge du Site de Recharge de Masser (Pennsylvanie centrale, USA). Dans les régions humides, la recharge d’un aquifère à travers un aquifère de roche fracturée libre et de faible porosité peut engendrer des fluctuations piézométriques de grandes amplitudes sur de courtes échelles de temps. Les caractéristiques hydrauliques non saturées du milieu poreux de la subsurface contrôlent l’amplitude et la durée de ces fluctuations. Les données provenant de plusieurs ensembles de lysimètres sur le site montrent un système de percolation très saisonnier et une variabilité due aux facteurs d’installation et à l’hétérogénéité des propriétés hydrauliques. L’analyse d’événements individuels des données d’hydrogrammes de puits révèle les influences primaires sur la réponse de la nappe, à savoir la profondeur et l’intensité des pluies et la profondeur initiale de la nappe. La variabilité spatiale et temporelle de la réponse des puits est également évidente. Une nouvelle approche pour calculer la recharge à partir d’enregistrements continus des niveaux piézomètriques en utilisant une courbe principale de décrue (MRC en anglais) est ici démontrée. La recharge estimée par MRC en supposant une porosité efficace constante est saisonnière à un degré moindre que la recharge résultant de l’analyse par lysimètres. La réconciliation partielle des deux estimations de recharge est atteinte en considérant un modèle conceptuel des processus d’écoulement dans le milieu poreux fracturé sous-jacent extrêmement hétérogène.Se combinaron análisis de infiltración con lisímetro y de hidrograma de pozo, para evaluar la recarga para el Sitio de Recarga Masser (Pennsylvania central, EE.UU.). En regiones húmedas la recarga acuífera a través de un acuífero de roca fracturada, libre y de baja-porosidad, puede causar fluctuaciones gran magnitud del nivel freático, en periodos cortos de tiempo. Las características hidráulicas del medio poroso subsuperficial no saturado, controlan la magnitud y el tiempo de ocurrencia de estas fluctuaciones. Los datos de los grupos múltiples de lisímetros en el sitio, muestran un modelo muy estacional de infiltración y muestran variabilidad debido tanto a factores de instalación, como a la heterogeneidad de las propiedades hidráulicas. El análisis de eventos individuales de los datos del hidrograma de pozo, revelan influencias primarias en la reacción del nivel freático, a saber, cantidad de lluvia, intensidad de lluvia, y la profundidad inicial del nivel freático. La variabilidad espacial y estacional en la reacción del pozo, también es evidente. Se demuestra un nuevo acercamiento para calcular la recarga, a partir de registros continuos de elevación del nivel freático, usando una curva patrón de declinación (CPD). La recarga estimada por la aproximación de CPD, es estacional, cuando se asume un rendimiento específico constante, a un grado menor que la estimación de la recarga resultante del análisis del lisímetro. La conciliación parcial entre las dos evaluaciones de la recarga, se logra considerando un modelo conceptual de procesos de flujo, en el medio poroso fracturado muy heterogéneo que está subyacente.
Starting Page	915
Ending Page	927
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-01-16
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Groundwater recharge Fractured rocks Unsaturated zone Lysimeters Water-table fluctuations Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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