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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Tokunaga, Tomochika Shimada, Jun Kimura, Yuki Iue, Daisuke Mogi, Katsuro Asai, Kazumi |
| Copyright Year | 2010 |
| Abstract | Multiple isotopes were used to reveal the coastal hydrogeological system and its temporal changes, caused by transgression and deposition of marine clay, in a small catchment and its offshore extension in Kyushu, Japan. Chloride concentrations in extracted pore waters from an offshore borehole were higher than 16,400 mg/L at depths shallower than 1.5 meters below sea floor (mbsf), and decreased downwards gradually to become lower than 250 mg/L below 7.7 mbsf. Stable chlorine isotopic ratios were –1.50‰ at 6.2 mbsf and –1.27‰ at 5.6 mbsf, while those from other depths showed minor fluctuation. A one-dimensional diffusion-sedimentation model was successfully applied to explain both chloride and stable chlorine isotopic ratios. Apparent residence times of groundwater below the inter-tidal zone is on the order of 100 years while that below sea bottom is about 2,000 years, indicating that groundwater below the inter-tidal zone constitutes a part of the present-day active groundwater flow system while that below sea bottom moves extremely slowly. The coincidence of the apparent residence time of groundwater below sea-bottom and the age of the start of both deposition of marine clay and diffusion processes strongly suggests that the deposition of marine clay has controlled the hydrogeological system and resulted in the reduction of the extent of groundwater discharge.Plusieurs isotopes ont été utilisés pour décrire le système hydrogéologique côtier et son évolution due à une transgression et au dépôt d’argile marine sur un petit bassin versant et sur son extension côtière, île de Kyushu, Japon. Les concentrations en chlorures dans l’eau interstitielle d’un forage offshore sont supérieures à 16 400 mg/L à des profondeurs inférieures à 1.5 mètres sous le plancher marin et diminuent graduellement pour devenir inférieures à 250 mg/L à plus de 7.7 m de profondeur. Les ratios des isotopes stables du chlore sont –1.50‰ à 6.2 m sous le plancher marin et –1.27‰ à 5.6 m, tandis qu’à d’autres profondeurs ils présentent une fluctuation mineure. Un modèle de diffusion-sédimentation à une dimension a été appliqué avec succès pour expliquer les ratios isotopiques stables du chlore et ceux des chlorures. Le temps de séjour apparent de l’eau de nappe dans la zone intertidale est de l’ordre de 100 ans tandis qu’il est d’environ 2000 ans sous le plancher marin, indiquant que l’eau de nappe de la zone intertidale est une composante du flux hydrogéologique actuel, tandis que l’eau sous le plancher marin migre de façon extrêmement lente. La coïncidence du temps de séjour apparent de l’eau de nappe sous le plancher marin et de l’âge du dépôt d’argile marine et des processus de diffusion, suggère fortement que le dépôt d’argile marine a contrôlé le système hydrogéologique et réduit le domaine de décharge de la nappe.Se utilizaron isótopos múltiples para revelar el sistema hidrogeológico costero y sus cambios temporales, causado por transgresión y depositación de arcillas marinas, en una pequeña cuenca y su extensión mar afuera en Kyushu, Japón. Las concentraciones de cloruro en aguas extraída de poros a partir de una perforación mar afuera fueron superiores a 16,400 mg/L a profundidades menores que 1.5 metros debajo del fondo del mar (mbsf), y decrecen gradualmente hacia abajo para llegar a ser más bajo que 250 mg/L debajo de 7.7 mbsf. Los cocientes isotópicos estables de cloro fueron –1.50‰ a 6.2 mbsf y –1.27‰ a 5.6 mbsf, mientras que aquellas de otras profundidades mostraron una menor fluctuación. Se aplicó exitosamente un modelo unidimensional por difusión de sedimentación para explicar para los cocientes isotópicos de cloruro y cloro estable. Los tiempos de residencia aparente de agua subterránea abajo de la zona intermareal es del orden de los 100 años mientras que debajo del fondo del mar es cerca de 2000 años, indicando que el agua debajo de la zona intermareal constituye una parte del sistema de flujo de agua subterránea activo actual, mientras que debajo del fondo del mar se mueve en forma extremadamente lenta. La coincidencia de los tiempos de residencias aparente del agua subterránea debajo del lecho del mar y la edad del comienzo de la depositación de las arcillas marinas y los procesos de difusión sugieren fuertemente que la depositación de las arcillas marinas ha controlado el sistema hidrogeológico lo cual ha resultado en la reducción de la magnitud de la descarga de agua subterránea.本文应用多种同位素综合研究了日本九州某小流域滨海水文地质系统及其随时间的变化, 该变化是由海相粘土的侵入和沉积造成的。海上钻孔中抽出的孔隙水的Cl 浓度在海床下1.5m以浅 (mbsf) 高于16400mg/L, 并逐渐降至海床下7.7m处的小于250mg/L。海床下6.2m处和5.6m处的Cl稳定同位素比值分别为–1.50‰和–1.27‰, 而其他深度的Cl 同位素比值则波动很小。此外, 成功应用一维弥散-沉积模型来解释Cl浓度和Cl稳定同位素比值。潮间带以下的地下水视年龄在100年尺度上, 而海床以下的则在2000年, 表明潮间带以下的地下水是现在活跃地下水系统的一部分, 而海床以下的地下水的运动则非常缓慢。海床以下地下水的视年龄和海相粘土开始沉积和扩散时间的一致表明海相粘土的沉积控制了水文地质系统, 并导致了地下水排泄的减少。Utilizaram-se isótopos múltiplos para interpretar o sistema hidrogeológico costeiro e as suas variações temporais, causadas por transgressão e deposição de argilas marinhas, numa pequena bacia e na sua extensão para o mar, em Kyushu, Japão. As concentrações de cloretos na água extraída num furo numa formação porosa sob o mar foram superiores a 16,400 mg/L a profundidades inferiores a 1.5 metros abaixo do fundo do mar (mafm), e diminuíram gradualmente em profundidade para se tornarem inferiores a 250 mg/L abaixo dos 7.7 mafm. As relações isotópicas do cloro estável foram de –1.50‰ a 6.2 mafm e de –1.27‰ a 5.6 mafm, ao passo que as relações a outras profundidades mostraram uma flutuação menor. Aplicou-se com sucesso um modelo unidimensional de difusão-sedimentação para explicar tanto o cloreto como a relação isotópica do cloro estável. O tempo de residência aparente das águas subterrâneas abaixo da zona intertidal é da ordem dos 100 anos, enquanto abaixo do fundo marinho é de cerca de 2,000 anos, indicando que a água subterrânea abaixo da zona intertidal constitui uma parte do actual sistema de fluxo de águas subterrâneas activo, enquanto a que situa abaixo do fundo marinho se movimenta muito lentamente. A coincidência do tempo de residência aparente das águas subterrâneas abaixo do fundo marinho e da idade do início quer da deposição das argilas marinhas quer dos processos de difusão, sugere fortemente que a deposição da argila marinha controlou o sistema hidrogeológico e resultou na redução da extensão da descarga de águas subterrâneas. |
| Starting Page | 249 |
| Ending Page | 258 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 19 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2010-08-12 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Salt-water/fresh-water relations Stable chlorine isotopes Groundwater age Diffusion Japan Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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