NDLI: Hydrogeological framework of the Deccan basalt groundwater systems, west-central India

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kulkarni, H. Deolankar, S. B. Lalwani, A. Joseph, B. Pawar, S.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	Deccan basalts of west-central India are hydrogeologically inhomogeneous rocks. A proper understanding of the physical framework of the basalts within which groundwater resides and moves is a key to the hydrogeology of these rocks. Two types of basalt, the vesicular amygdaloidal basalt and the compact basalt, occur as alternate layers in the volcanic pile. Although the rocks are generally inhomogeneous, structures in the basalt, such as sheet joints and vertical joints, serve as zones of groundwater flow. In the shallow subsurface, two groundwater systems are operative. Groundwater system A consists of a vesicular amygdaloidal basalt underlain by a compact basalt, whereas groundwater system B consists of a vesicular amygdaloidal basalt overlain by a compact basalt. Groundwater system A has a better developed network of openings and, as a consequence, this system has a higher transmissivity and storage coefficient than groundwater system B. Wells tapping groundwater system A have higher yields on average and irrigate more hectares of cropland than do wells tapping groundwater system B. This simple systems concept offers a practical methodology for understanding the geometry of the physical framework that contains groundwater in the Deccan basalts. The efficacy of the concept is in its widespread utility for the region. The concept may also be extrapolated to help understand the hydrogeology of deeper Deccan basalt groundwater systems. Les basaltes du Deccan de l'Inde du centre ouest sont des roches hétérogènes du point de vue hydrogéologique. La clé de l'hydrogéologie de ces roches tient dans une compréhension correcte des conditions physiques des basaltes dans lesquelles l'eau souterraine est stockée et s'écoule. Deux types de basaltes, le basalte vésiculaire amygdaloïde et le basalte compact, constituent des couches alternées dans cet empilement volcanique. Bien que ces roches soient en général hétérogènes, des structures dans le basalte, telles que des joints horizontaux et des fractures verticales, fonctionnent comme des zones d'écoulement souterrain. Dans la nappe peu profonde existent deux systèmes aquifères. Le système aquifère A est constitué d'un basalte vésiculaire amygdaloïde recouvrant un basalte compact, tandis qu'un système aquifère B consiste en un basalte vésiculaire amygdaloïde recouvert par un basalte compact. Le système aquifère A possède un réseau d'ouvertures mieux développé; par conséquent, ce système présente une transmissivité et un coefficient d'emmagasinement plus élevés que dans le système aquifère B. Les puits captant l'eau du système A ont en moyenne un meilleur rendement et irriguent plus d'hectares de cultures que les puits captant le système B. Ce concept simple de systèmes fournit une méthodologie permettant de comprendre la géométrie du cadre physique dans lequel sont situées les eaux souterraines des basaltes du Deccan. L'efficacité de ce concept est d'une grande utilité pour cette région. Ce concept peut aussi être extrapolé pour aider à comprendre l'hydrogéologie des systèmes aquifères des basaltes plus profonds du Deccan. Los basaltos de Deccan, en la zona centro-occidental de la India, son rocas hidrogeológicamente heterogéneas. Para caracterizar la hidrogeología de estas formaciones es imprescindible conocer de forma adecuada su estructura física. Se distinguen dos tipos de basaltos, que aparecen de forma alternada en la pila volcánica: los vesiculares amigdaloiles y los compactos. Aunque estas rocas son generalmente heterogéneas, existen determinadas estructuras dentro de los basaltos, como las juntas planas y las juntas verticales, que actúan como zonas de flujo preferente de agua. En la zona más somera, hay dos sistemas de flujo diferentes. El sistema A consiste en basaltos vesiculares amigdaloides que yacen sobre los basaltos compactos, mientras que en el sistema B es el basalto compacto el que aparece sobre el de tipo vesicular. El sistema A posee una red de aperturas más desarrollada y, como consecuencia, su transmisividad y coeficiente de almacenamiento son mayores que los del sistema B. Los pozos perforados en el sistema A, en promedio, proporcionan caudales más elevados y riegan una superficie de cultivo mayor que los pozos construidos en el sistema B. El concepto de los dos sistemas ofrece una metodología práctica para comprender la geometría de los basaltos de Deccan por los que fluyen las aguas subterráneas. El interés de este concepto reside en su aplicabilidad a la región, y, también, en la posibilidad de extrapolarlo a sistemas más profundos de flujo de aguas subterráneas en basaltos de Deccan.
Starting Page	368
Ending Page	378
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2002-10-01
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Hydrogeology Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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