NDLI: The effect of urban heat islands on geothermal potential: examples from Quaternary aquifers in Finland

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Arola, Teppo Korkka Niemi, Kirsti
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The use of renewable energy can be enhanced by utilising groundwater reservoirs for heating and cooling purposes. The urbanisation effect on the peak heating and peak cooling capacity of groundwater in a cold groundwater region was investigated. Groundwater temperatures were measured and energy potentials calculated from three partly urbanised aquifers situated between the latitudes of 60° 25′N and 60° 59′N in Finland. The average groundwater temperature below the zone of seasonal temperature fluctuations was 3–4 °C higher in the city centres than in the rural areas. The study demonstrated that due to warmer groundwater, approximately 50–60 % more peak heating power could be utilized from populated areas compared with rural areas. In contrast, approximately 40–50 % less peak cooling power could be utilised. Urbanisation significantly increases the possibility of utilising local heat energy from groundwater within a wider region of naturally cold groundwater. Despite the warming in urban areas, groundwater still remains attractive as a source of cooling energy. More research is needed in order to determine the long-term energy capacity of groundwater, i.e. the design power, in urbanised areas of cold regions.L’utilisation d’énergie renouvelable peut être améliorée en utilisant les réservoirs d’eau souterraine pour des besoins en chauffage et en refroidissement. L’effet de l’urbanisation sur la capacité des eaux souterraines en matière de satisfaction des pics de chauffage et de refroidissement dans une région aux eaux souterraines froides, a été étudié. Les températures des eaux souterraines ont été mesurées et les potentiels énergétiques ont été calculées à partir de trois aquifères partiellement urbanisés situés aux latitudes comprises entre 60° 25′N et 60° 59′N en Finlande. La température moyenne des eaux souterraines en-dessous de la zone de fluctuations saisonnières des températures était de 3–4 °C plus élevée dans les centres urbains que dans les zones rurales. L’étude a démontré qu’à cause de la présence d’eaux souterraines plus chaudes, plus de 50-60 % de la puissance de chauffage de pointe pourrait être satisfaite dans des zones à forte densité démographique par rapport aux zones rurales. En revanche, environ moins de 40 à 50 % de puissance de refroidissement de pointe pourraient être satisfaits. L’urbanisation augmente considérablement la possibilité d’utiliser la chaleur locale de l’eau souterraine au sein d’une région plus importante caractérisée par des eaux souterraines naturellement froides. Malgré le réchauffement dans les zones urbaines, les eaux souterraines restent attractives en tant que source d’énergie de refroidissement. Plus de recherche est nécessaire afin de déterminer la capacité énergétique à long terme des eaux souterraines, à savoir le pouvoir énergétique dans les zones urbanisées de régions froides.El uso de la energía renovable puede ser enriquecido utilizando de reservorios de agua subterránea para fines de calentamiento y enfriamiento. Se investiga el efecto de la urbanización en la aptitud del agua subterránea en el pico de calentamiento y de enfriamiento en una región de agua subterránea fría. Se midieron las temperaturas del agua subterránea y se calcularon las potenciales energías a partir de tres acuíferos parcialmente urbanizados situados entre las latitudes de 60° 25′N y 60° 59′N en Finlandia. La temperatura promedio del agua subterránea debajo de la zona de fluctuaciones estacionales fue 3–4 °C más alta en el centro de la ciudad que en las áreas rurales. El estudio demostró que debido al agua subterránea más cálida, se podría utilizar aproximadamente 50–60 % más el pico de energía en el calentamiento a partir de las áreas habitadas comparadas con las áreas rurales. En contraste, se podría utilizar aproximadamente 40–50 % menos de energía en el pico de enfriamiento. La urbanización incrementa significativamente la posibilidad de utilizar la energía de calentamiento local a partir del agua subterránea dentro de una región más amplia de agua subterránea naturalmente fría. A pesar del calentamiento en áreas urbanas el agua subterránea aún permanece atractiva como una fuente de energía de enfriamiento. Se necesita una mayor investigación para determinar a largo plazo la capacidad de energía del agua subterránea, es decir la energía para el diseño, en áreas urbanizadas de regiones frías.通过利用地下水储层加热及冷却可提高可再生能源的使用效率。调查了城市化对寒冷地下水区地下水的最大加热能力和最大冷却能力。对位于芬兰北纬60° 25′N 至 60° 59′N之间三个在一定程度上城市化的含水层的地下水温进行了测量并对能源潜力进行了计算。季节性温度波动带之下的平均地下水温城市中心比农村地区高3–4 °C. 研究显示,由于地下水温度较温暖,与农村地区相比,人口居住区的最大加热能力大约高50–60 %。相比之下,最大冷却能力大约少40–50 %。城市化大大增加了在更广阔的天然寒冷地下水地区内利用局部热能的可能性。尽管城市地区温度升高,但地下水作为冷却能源的来源仍然具有吸引力。需要更多的研究以确定地下水的长期能源能力,即寒冷地区城区的设计能力。É possível reforçar o uso de energia renovável através da utilização de reservatórios de água subterrânea para fins de aquecimento e arrefecimento. Investigou-se o efeito da urbanização sobre a capacidade de aquecimento máximo e refrigeração máxima da água subterrânea numa região de águas subterrâneas frias. Mediram-se temperaturas de águas subterrâneas e calcularam-se potenciais de energia de três aquíferos parcialmente urbanizados situados entre as latitudes de 60° 25′N e 60° 59′N, na Finlândia. A temperatura média das águas subterrâneas, por baixo da zona das oscilações sazonais, foi 3–4 °C mais elevada nos centros urbanos do que nas áreas rurais. O estudo demonstrou que, devido às águas subterrâneas mais quentes, era possível utilizar cerca de 50–60 % mais potência de aquecimento máximo proveniente de áreas povoadas em comparação com áreas rurais. Em contrapartida, a potência de arrefecimento máximo utilizável desceria aproximadamente 40–50 %. A urbanização aumenta significativamente a possibilidade de utilizar a energia de calor local da água subterrânea dentro de uma região mais vasta de águas subterrâneas naturais frias. Apesar do aquecimento nas áreas urbanas, as águas subterrâneas mantêm-se atrativas como uma fonte de energia de arrefecimento. Necessita-se de mais investigação para determinar a capacidade energética das águas subterrâneas a longo prazo, nomeadamente no que respeita à conceção do seu aproveitamento, em áreas urbanizadas de regiões frias.
Starting Page	1953
Ending Page	1967
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	22
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-08-17
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Groundwater management Urban groundwater Cold region Finland Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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