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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Houben, Georg J. |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | Water wells are an indispensable tool for groundwater extraction. The analytical and empirical approaches available to describe the flow of groundwater towards a well are summarized. Such flow involves a strong velocity increase, especially close to the well. The linear laminar Darcy approach is, therefore, not fully applicable in well hydraulics, as inertial and turbulent flow components occur close to and inside the well, respectively. For common well set-ups and hydraulic parameters, flow in the aquifer is linear laminar, non-linear laminar in the gravel pack, and turbulent in the screen and the well interior. The most commonly used parameter of well design is the entrance velocity. There is, however, considerable debate about which value from the literature should be used. The easiest way to control entrance velocity involves the well geometry. The influence of the diameter of the screen and borehole is smaller than that of the screen length. Minimizing partial penetration can help to curb head losses.Les puits sont des outils indispensables pour l’exploitation des eaux souterraines. Les approches analytiques et empiriques disponibles pour décrire les écoulements d’eau vers les puits sont résumées. De tels écoulements impliquent une forte augmentation de la vitesse à proximité de l’ouvrage. L’approche de Darcy en écoulement de type laminaire et linéaire n’est, dans ce cas, pas totalement applicable à l’hydraulique des puits, puisque des composantes d’écoulement de type inertiel et turbulent se produisent respectivement à proximité et dans le puits. Pour des configurations de puits et des paramètres hydrauliques courants, l’écoulement est de type laminaire et linéaire dans l’aquifère, de type laminaire et non-linéaire dans le massif filtrant, et de type turbulent au niveau de la crépine et à l’intérieur du puits. Le paramètre le plus couramment utilisé pour la conception du puits est la vitesse d’entrée. Cependant, le choix parmi les valeurs bibliographiques disponibles fait débat. La manière la plus simple de contrôler la vitesse d’entrée porte sur la géométrie du puits. L’influence du diamètre de la crépine et de l’ouvrage est plus faible que celle de la longueur de la partie crépinée. Minimiser la pénétration partielle peut aider à réduire les pertes de charge.Los pozos de agua constituyen una técnica indispensable para la extracción del agua subterránea. Se resumen las aproximaciones analíticas y empíricas que están disponibles para describir el flujo de agua subterránea hacia un pozo. Tal flujo significa un fuerte aumento de la velocidad, especialmente cerca del pozo. Por lo tanto, la aproximación laminar lineal de Darcy no es completamente aplicable en el sistema hidráulico, así como en los componentes de inercia y de flujos turbulentos que se producen cerca y dentro del pozo, respectivamente. Para la configuración común y los parámetros hidráulicos de un pozo, el flujo es laminar lineal en el acuífero, laminar no lineal en el empaque de grava, y turbulento en el filtro y en interior del pozo. El parámetro más comúnmente utilizado para el diseño de un pozo es la velocidad de entrada. Hay, sin embargo, un importante debate acerca de qué valor de la literatura se debe utilizar. La forma más fácil para el control la velocidad de entrada involucra a la geometría del pozo. La influencia del diámetro del filtro y del pozo es menor que la longitud del filtro. La minimización de la penetración parcial puede ayudar a contener las pérdidas de carga.水井是抽取地下水不可缺少的工具。本文总结了现有的描述地下水流向水井水流的解析和经验方法。此类水流速度增加很快,尤其是在井附近更是如此。因此,线性层流达西方法不完全适用于水井水力学,因为惯性流和湍流成分分别出现在水井附近和水井内。对于普通的水井构造和水力参数,含水层的水流是线性层流,在填料中是非线性层流,在滤水管和水井内部是湍流。水井设计中最常用的参数是进入速度。然而,应该使用文献中的哪个数值还有争论。控制进入速度的最容易方法包含着水井几何学。滤水管和钻孔直径的影响比滤水管长度的影响要小。求局部贯穿的最小值有助于控制水头损失。Poços d’água são uma ferramenta indispensável para extração das águas subterrâneas. Resumem-se as abordagens analíticas e empíricas disponíveis para descrever o fluxo das águas subterrâneas através de um poço. Tal fluxo envolve um forte aumento na velocidade, especialmente próximo ao poço. A abordagem laminar linear de Darcy é, portanto, não completamente aplicável na hidráulica do poço, uma vez que componentes de fluxo inercial e turbulento ocorrem próximos e dentro do poço, respectivamente. Para ajustes comuns de poços e parâmetros hidráulicos, o fluxo no aquífero é laminar linear, laminar não-linear no pacote de cascalho, e turbulento no filtro e no interior do poço. O parâmetro mais comumente usado no design do poço é a velocidade de entrada. Existe, no entanto, um debate considerável sobre qual o valor da literatura deve ser usado. A maneira mais fácil de controlar velocidade de entrada envolve a geometria do poço. A influência do diâmetro do furo de sondagem e do filtro é menor do que o comprimento do filtro. Minimizando a penetração parcial pode-se ajudar a reduzir as perdas de carga. |
| Starting Page | 1633 |
| Ending Page | 1657 |
| Page Count | 25 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 23 |
| Issue Number | 8 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2015-10-01 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Foundations (pedagogy) Water well Hydraulics Entrance velocity Analytical solutions Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Water Quality/Water Pollution Geophysics/Geodesy Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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